Genesis 24
⸢shaded⸣ in the Greek, not in the Hebrew · ‸ in the Hebrew, not in the Greek. Tap a mark to see it explained. underlined where the Hebrew has the word and the Greek says it differently.
In this chapter: 108 differences of wording, 42 pluses, 20 minuses, each marked by the translator.
Swete prints Codex Alexandrinus here. Swete's verse 26 covers the Masoretic 24:26–27.
1 Καὶ Ἀβραὰμ ἦν πρεσβύτερος προβεβηκὼς ἡμερῶν, καὶ Κύριος εὐλόγησεν τὸν Ἀβραὰμ κατὰ πάντα.
2 καὶ εἶπεν Ἀβραὰμ τῷ παιδὶ αὐτοῦ, τῷ πρεσβυτέρῳ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ, τῷ ἄρχοντι πάντων τῶν αὐτοῦ Θὲς τὴν χεῖρά σου ὑπὸ τὸν μηρόν μου,
3 καὶ ἐξορκίσω σε Κύριον τὸν θεὸν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς, ἵνα μὴ λάβῃς γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου Ἰσαὰκ ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων τῶν Χαναναίων, μεθ’ ὧν ἐγὼ οἰκῶ μετ’ αὐτῶν·
4 ἀλλὰ εἰς τὴν γῆν μου οὗ ἐγενόμην πορεύσῃ καὶ εἰς τὴν φυλήν μου, καὶ λήμψῃ γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου Ἰσαὰκ ἐκεῖθεν.
5 εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ παῖς Μή ποτε οὐ βούλεται ἡ γυνὴ πορευθῆναι μετ’ ἐμοῦ ὀπίσω εἰς τὴν γῆν ταύτην· ἀποστρέψω τὸν υἱόν σου εἰς τὴν γῆν ὅθεν ἐξῆλθες ἐκεῖθεν;
6 εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτὸν Ἀβραάμ Πρόσεχε σεαυτῷ μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸν υἱόν μου ἐκεῖ·
7 Κύριος ὁ θεὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ὁ θεὸς τῆς γῆς, ὃς ἔλαβέν με ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός μου καὶ ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἧς ἐγενήθην, ὃς ἐλάλησέν μοι καὶ ὤμοσέν μοι λέγων Σοὶ δώσω τὴν γῆν ταύτην καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου· αὐτὸς ἀποστελεῖ τὸν ἄγγελον αὐτοῦ ἔμπροσθέν σου, καὶ λήμψῃ γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου Ἰσαὰκ ἐκεῖθεν.
8 ἐὰν δὲ μὴ θέλῃ ἡ γυνὴ πορευθῆναι μετὰ σοῦ εἰς τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καθαρὸς ἔσῃ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὅρκου τούτου· μόνον τὸν υἱόν μου μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς ἐκεῖ.
9 Καὶ ἔθηκεν ὁ παῖς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ὑπὸ τὸν μηρὸν Ἀβραὰμ τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὤμοσεν αὐτῷ περὶ τοῦ ῥήματος τούτου.
10 καὶ ἔλαβεν ὁ παῖς δέκα καμήλους ἀπὸ τῶν καμήλων τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ μεθ’ ἑαυτοῦ, καὶ ἀναστὰς ἐπορεύθη εἰς τὴν Μεσοποταμίαν εἰς τὴν πόλιν Ναχώρ.
11 καὶ ἐκοίμησεν τὰς καμήλους ἔξω τῆς πόλεως παρὰ τὸ φρέαρ τοῦ ὕδατος τὸ πρὸς ὀψέ, ἡνίκα ἐκπορεύονται αἱ ὑδρευόμεναι.
12 καὶ εἶπεν Κύριε ὁ θεὸς τοῦ κυρίου Ἀβραάμ, εὐόδωσον ἐναντίον ἐμοῦ σήμερον καὶ ποίησον ἔλεος μετὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου Ἀβραάμ.
13 ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἕστηκα ἐπὶ τῆς πηγῆς τοῦ ὕδατος, αἱ δὲ θυγατέρες τῶν οἰκούντων τὴν πόλιν ἐκπορεύονται ἀντλῆσαι ὕδωρ·
14 καὶ ἔσται ἡ παρθένος ᾗ ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω Ἐπίκλινον τὴν ὑδρίαν σου ἵνα πίω, καὶ εἴπῃ μοι Πίε σύ, καὶ τὰς καμήλους σου ποτιῶ ἕως ἂν παύσωνται πίνουσαι, ταύτην ἡτοίμασας τῷ παιδί σου Ἰσαάκ· καὶ ἐν τούτῳ γνώσομαι ὅτι ἐποίησας ἔλεος τῷ κυρίῳ μου Ἀβραάμ.
15 καὶ ἐγένετο πρὸ τοῦ συντελέσαι αὐτὸν λαλοῦντα ἐν τῇ διανοίᾳ, καὶ ἰδοὺ Ῥεβέκκα ἐξεπορεύετο, ἡ τεχθεῖσα Βαθουήλ, υἱῷ Μέλχας τῆς γυναικὸς Ναχώρ, ἀδελφοῦ δὲ Ἀβραάμ, ἔχουσα τὴν ὑδρίαν ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων αὐτῆς.
16 ἡ δὲ παρθένος ἦν καλὴ τῇ ὄψει σφόδρα· παρθένος ἦν, ἀνὴρ οὐκ ἔγνω αὐτήν. καταβᾶσα δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν ἔπλησεν τὴν ὑδρίαν αὐτῆς, καὶ ἀνέβη.
17 ἐπέδραμεν δὲ ὁ παῖς εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτῆς καὶ εἶπεν Πότισόν με μικρὸν ὕδωρ ἐκ τῆς ὑδρίας σου.
18 ἡ δὲ εἶπεν Πίε, κύριε· καὶ ἔσπευσεν καὶ καθεῖλεν τὴν ὑδρίαν ἐπὶ τὸν βραχίονα αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπότισεν αὐτὸν ἕως ἐπαύσατο πίνων.
19 καὶ εἶπεν Καὶ ταῖς καμήλοις σου ὑδρεύσομαι ἕως ἂν πᾶσαι πίωσιν.
20 καὶ ἔσπευσεν καὶ ἐξεκένωσεν τὴν ὑδρίαν ἐπὶ τὸ ποτιστήριον, καὶ ἔδραμεν ἐπὶ τὸ φρέαρ ἀντλῆσαι ὕδωρ, καὶ ὑδρεύσατο πάσαις ταῖς καμήλοις.
21 ὁ δὲ ἄνθρωπος κατεμάνθανεν αὐτήν, καὶ παρεσιώπα τοῦ γνῶναι ἢ εὐόδωκεν Κύριος τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ ἢ οὔ.
22 ἐγένετο δὲ ἡνίκα ἐπαύσαντο πᾶσαι αἱ κάμηλοι πίνουσαι, ἔλαβεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐνώτια χρυσᾶ ἀνὰ δραχμὴν ὁλκῆς καὶ δύο ψέλια ἐπὶ τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῆς· δέκα χρυσῶν ὁλκὴ αὐτῶν.
23 καὶ ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτὴν καὶ εἶπεν Θυγάτηρ τίνος εἶ; ἀνάγγειλόν μοι· εἰ ἔστιν παρὰ τῷ πατρί σου τόπος ἡμῖν καταλῦσαι;
24 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Θυγάτηρ Βαθουήλ εἰμι ἐγὼ τοῦ Μέλχας, ὃν ἔτεκεν αὐτῷ Ναχώρ.
25 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Καὶ ἄχυρα καὶ χόρτασμα πολὺ παρ’ ἡμῖν, καὶ τόπος τοῦ καταλῦσαι.
26 καὶ εὐδοκήσας ὁ ἄνθρωπος προσεκύνησεν Κυρίῳ καὶ εἶπεν
27 Εὐλογητὸς Κύριος ὁ θεὸς τοῦ κυρίου μου Ἀβραάμ, ὃς οὐκ ἐγκατέλειπεν τὴν δικαιοσύνην καὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἀπὸ τοῦ κυρίου μου· ἐμὲ εὐόδωκεν Κύριος εἰς οἶκον τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ κυρίου μου.
28 καὶ δραμοῦσα ἡ παῖς ἀπήγγειλεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τῆς μητρὸς αὐτῆς κατὰ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα.
29 τῇ δὲ Ῥεβέκκᾳ ἀδελφὸς ἦν ᾧ ὄνομα Λαβάν· καὶ ἔδραμεν Λαβὰν πρὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἔξω ἐπὶ τὴν πηγήν.
30 καὶ ἐγένετο ἡνίκα ἴδεν τὰ ἐνώτια καὶ τὰ ψέλια ἐπὶ τὰς χεῖρας τῆς ἀδελφῆς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὅτε ἤκουσεν τὰ ῥήματα Ῥεβέκκας τῆς ἀδελφῆς αὐτοῦ λεγούσης Οὕτως λελάληκέν μοι ὁ ἄνθρωπος, καὶ ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἑστηκότος αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τῶν καμήλων ἐπὶ τῆς πηγῆς·
31 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Δεῦρο εἴσελθε, εὐλογητὸς Κύριος· ἵνα τί ἕστηκας ἔξω; ἐγὼ δὲ ἡτοίμασα τὴν οἰκίαν καὶ τόπον ταῖς καμήλοις.
32 εἰσῆλθεν δὲ ὁ ἄνθρωπος εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν, καὶ ἀπέσαξεν τὰς καμήλους· καὶ ἔδωκεν ἄχυρα καὶ χορτάσματα ταῖς καμήλοις, καὶ ὕδωρ τοῖς ποσὶν αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῖς ποσὶν τῶν ἀνδρῶν τῶν μετ’ αὐτοῦ,
33 καὶ παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς ἄρτους φαγεῖν. καὶ εἶπεν Οὐ μὴ φάγω ἕως τοῦ λαλῆσαί με τὰ ῥήματά μου. καὶ εἶπαν Λάλησον.
34 καὶ εἶπεν Παῖς Ἀβραὰμ ἐγώ εἰμι.
35 Κύριος δὲ εὐλόγησεν τὸν κύριόν μου σφόδρα, καὶ ὑψώθη· καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ πρόβατα καὶ μόσχους καὶ ἀργύριον καὶ χρυσίον, παῖδας καὶ παιδίσκας, καμήλους καὶ ὄνους.
36 καὶ ἔτεκεν Σάρρα ἡ γυνὴ τοῦ κυρίου μου υἱὸν ἕνα τῷ κυρίῳ μου μετὰ τὸ γηρᾶσαι αὐτόν· καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ ὅσα ἦν αὐτῷ.
37 καὶ ὥρκισέν με ὁ κύριός μου λέγων Οὐ λήμψῃ γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων τῶν Χαναναίων, ἐν οἷς ἐγὼ παροικῶ ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν·
38 ἀλλ’ ἢ εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός μου πορεύσῃ καὶ εἰς τὴν φυλήν μου, καὶ λήμψῃ γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου ἐκεῖθεν.
39 εἶπα δὲ τῷ κυρίῳ μου Μή ποτε οὐ πορευθῇ ἡ γυνὴ μετ’ ἐμοῦ.
40 καὶ εἶπέν μοι Κύριος ὁ θεός, ᾧ εὐηρέστησα ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ, αὐτὸς ἐξαποστελεῖ τὸν ἄγγελον αὐτοῦ μετὰ σοῦ καὶ εὐοδώσει τὴν ὁδόν σου· καὶ λήμψῃ γυναῖκα τῷ υἱῷ μου ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς μου καὶ ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός μου.
41 τότε ἀθῷος ἔσῃ ἐκ τῆς ἀρᾶς μου· ἡνίκα γὰρ ἐὰν ἔλθῃς εἰς τὴν φυλήν μου καὶ μὴ δῶσίν σοι, καὶ ἔσῃ ἀθῷος ἀπὸ τοῦ ὁρκισμοῦ μου.
42 καὶ ἐλθὼν σήμερον ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν εἶπα Κύριε ὁ θεὸς τοῦ κυρίου μου Ἀβραάμ, εἰ σὺ εὐοδοῖς τὴν ὁδόν μου, ἣν νῦν ἐγὼ πορεύομαι ἐπ’ αὐτήν·
43 ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἕστηκα ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν τοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ αἱ θυγατέρες τῶν ἀνθρώπων τῆς πόλεως ἐξελεύσονται ὑδρεύσασθαι ὕδωρ, καὶ ἔσται ἡ παρθένος ᾗ ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω Πότισόν με μικρὸν ὕδωρ ἐκ τῆς ὑδρίας σου,
44 καὶ εἴπῃ μοι Πίε σύ, καὶ ταῖς καμήλοις σου ὑδρεύσομαι, αὕτη ἡ γυνὴ ἣν ἡτοίμασεν Κύριος τῷ ἑαυτοῦ θεράποντι Ἰσαάκ· καὶ ἐν τούτῳ γνώσομαι ὅτι πεποίηκας ἔλεος τῷ κυρίῳ μου Ἀβραάμ.
45 καὶ ἐγένετο πρὸ τοῦ συντελέσαι με λαλοῦντα ἐν τῇ διανοίᾳ μου, εὐθὺς Ῥεβέκκα ἐξεπορεύετο ἔχουσα τὴν ὑδρίαν ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων, καὶ κατέβη ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν καὶ ὑδρεύσατο. εἶπα δὲ αὐτῇ Πότισόν με.
46 καὶ σπεύσασα καθεῖλεν τὴν ὑδρίαν ἐπὶ τὸν βραχίονα αὐτῆς ἀφ’ ἑαυτῆς καὶ εἶπεν Πίε σύ, καὶ τὰς καμήλους σου ποτιῶ· καὶ ἔπιον, καὶ τὰς καμήλους μου ἐπότισεν.
47 καὶ ἠρώτησα αὐτὴν καὶ εἶπα Τίνος θυγάτηρ εἶ; ἀνάγγειλόν μοι. ἡ δὲ ἔφη Θυγάτηρ Βαθουήλ εἰμι ἐγὼ τοῦ υἱοῦ Ναχώρ, ὃν ἔτεκεν αὐτῷ Μελχά. καὶ περιέθηκα αὐτῇ τὰ ἐνώτια καὶ τὰ ψέλια ἐπὶ τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῆς·
48 καὶ εὐδοκήσας προσεκύνησα Κυρίῳ, καὶ εὐλόγησα Κύριον τὸν θεὸν τοῦ κυρίου μου Ἀβραάμ, ὃς εὐόδωσέν μοι ἐν ὁδῷ ἀληθείας, λαβεῖν τὴν θυγατέρα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ κυρίου μου τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ.
49 εἰ οὖν ποιεῖτε ὑμεῖς ἔλεος καὶ δικαιοσύνην πρὸς τὸν κύριόν μου, ἀπαγγείλατέ μοι, ἵνα ἐπιστρέψω εἰς δεξιὰν ἢ εἰς ἀριστεράν.
50 ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ Λαβὰν καὶ Βαθουὴλ εἶπαν Παρὰ κυρίου ἐξῆλθεν τὸ πρόσταγμα τοῦτο· οὐ δυνησόμεθα οὖν σοι ἀντειπεῖν κακὸν καλῷ.
51 ἰδοὺ Ῥεβέκκα ἐνώπιόν σου, λαβὼν ἀπότρεχε· καὶ ἔστω γυνὴ τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ κυρίου σου, καθὰ ἐλάλησεν Κύριος.
52 ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ ἀκοῦσαι τὸν παῖδα τὸν Ἀβραὰμ τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων, προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν Κυρίῳ.
53 καὶ ἐξενέγκας ὁ παῖς σκεύη ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χρυσᾶ καὶ ἱματισμὸν ἔδωκεν Ῥεβέκκᾳ, καὶ δῶρα ἔδωκεν τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτῆς καὶ τῇ μητρὶ αὐτῆς.
54 καὶ ἔφαγον καὶ ἔπιον αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες οἱ μετ’ αὐτοῦ ὄντες, καὶ ἐκοιμήθησαν. καὶ ἀναστὰς πρωὶ εἶπεν Ἐκπέμψατέ με ἵνα ἀπέλθω πρὸς τὸν κύριόν μου.
55 εἶπαν δὲ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῆς καὶ ἡ μήτηρ Μεινάτω ἡ παρθένος μεθ’ ἡμῶν ἡμέρας ὡσεὶ δέκα, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἀπελεύσεται.
56 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς Μὴ κατέχετέ με, καὶ Κύριος εὐόδωσεν τὴν ὁδόν μου· ἐκπέμψατέ με ἵνα ἀπέλθω πρὸς τὸν κύριόν μου.
57 οἱ δὲ εἶπαν Καλέσωμεν τὴν παῖδα καὶ ἐπερωτήσωμεν τὸ στόμα αὐτῆς.
58 καὶ ἐκάλεσαν Ῥεβέκκαν καὶ εἶπαν αὐτῇ Πορεύσῃ μετὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου; καὶ εἶπεν Πορεύσομαι.
59 καὶ ἐξέπεμψαν Ῥεβέκκαν τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτῆς, καὶ τὸν παῖδα τὸν Ἀβραὰμ καὶ τοὺς μετ’ αὐτοῦ.
60 καὶ εὐλόγησαν Ῥεβέκκαν τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτῶν καὶ εἶπαν αὐτῇ Ἀδελφὴ ἡμῶν εἶ· γίνου εἰς χιλιάδας μυριάδων, καὶ κληρονομησάτω τὸ σπέρμα σου τὰς πόλεις τῶν ὑπεναντίων.
61 Ἀναστᾶσα δὲ Ῥεβέκκα καὶ αἱ ἅβραι αὐτῆς ἐπέβησαν ἐπὶ τὰς καμήλους, καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν μετὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου· καὶ ἀναλαβὼν ὁ παῖς τὴν Ῥεβέκκαν ἀπῆλθεν.
62 Ἰσαὰκ δὲ ἐπορεύετο διὰ τῆς ἐρήμου κατὰ τὸ φρέαρ τῆς ὁράσεως· αὐτὸς δὲ κατῴκει ἐν τῇ γῇ τῇ πρὸς λίβα.
63 καὶ ἐξῆλθεν Ἰσαὰκ ἀδολεσχῆσαι εἰς τὸ πεδίον τὸ πρὸς δείλης, καὶ ἀναβλέψας τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἴδεν καμήλους ἐρχομένας.
64 καὶ ἀναβλέψασα Ῥεβέκκα τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἴδεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ καὶ κατεπήδησεν ἀπὸ τῆς καμήλου,
65 καὶ εἶπεν τῷ παιδί Τίς ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐκεῖνος ὁ πορευόμενος ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ εἰς συνάντησιν ἡμῖν; εἶπεν δὲ ὁ παῖς Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ κύριός μου· ἡ δὲ λαβοῦσα τὸ θέριστρον περιεβάλετο.
66 καὶ διηγήσατο ὁ παῖς τῷ Ἰσαὰκ πάντα τὰ ῥήματα ἃ ἐποίησεν.
67 εἰσῆλθεν δὲ Ἰσαὰκ εἰς τὸν οἶκον τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔλαβεν τὴν Ῥεβέκκαν, καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτοῦ γυνή, καὶ ἠγάπησεν αὐτήν· καὶ παρεκλήθη Ἰσαὰκ περὶ Σάρρας τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ.
Greek text: Swete's edition via First1KGreek, CC BY-SA 4.0, with corrections listed in the repository.
Notes
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The alignment marks ἦν, "was," as a plus, but the Masoretic version's English already has "was" ("Abraham was old"), the copula English needs in the Hebrew verbless clause; the Greek says the same, and nothing is added.
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The Greek names "the God of the sky and of the land" with θεός once, where the Masoretic version reads "Elohim of the skies and Elohim of the land": the second "Elohim" is lacking. At 24:7 the Greek does the reverse and adds "and the God of the land" where the Masoretic version has only "Elohim of the skies." ἐξορκίζω, "adjure," the verb of the high priest at Matt 26:63, stands for the Masoretic version's "I will make you swear." Swete prints μεθ’ ὧν ἐγὼ οἰκῶ μετ’ αὐτῶν, "with whom I dwell with them," the relative taken up again by a pronoun in the Hebrew manner, where Rahlfs reads differently; it stands for "in whose inward part I am dwelling," without the noun. "The Canaanites" is plural where the Masoretic version has the gentilic singular, "the Canaanite" (also 24:37).
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Μεσοποταμία, "Mesopotamia," the land "between the rivers," where the Masoretic version reads "Aram-naharaim," Aram of the two rivers. The Greek gives the region a Greek name of like sense, not a spelling of the Hebrew one, so it prints as it sounds and is marked (145f). Stephen's speech keeps the Greek name: God appeared to Abraham "when he was in Mesopotamia" (Acts 7:2). The Greek also has μεθ’ ἑαυτοῦ, "with himself," for "in his hand," and "the good things" in the plural; it lacks the first "and went," marked as a minus.
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Ruling 53
ἐκοίμησεν (Rahlfs ἐκοίμισεν, another spelling), from κοιμίζω, the causative of κοιμάομαι "fall asleep": he bedded the camels down for the night, where the Masoretic version reads "he made the camels kneel."
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παρθένος, "virgin," stands here for the Masoretic version's "girl" (נַעֲרָ), as at 24:16 and 24:55; at 24:16 it also stands for בְּתוּלָה, "virgin," and at 24:43 for עַלְמָה, "young woman". Swete prints σύ, "you," after "Drink," where Rahlfs lacks it; the same words recur at 24:44, where the Masoretic version also has "you," and at 24:46, where the alignment marks the pronoun as a plus. It is marked here likewise. ἡτοίμασας, "you have prepared," stands for "you have set right" (also 24:44).
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The first ἦν, "was," is marked by the alignment as a plus, but the Masoretic version's English already has it ("the girl was very good of sight"); the second, "a virgin she was," where the Masoretic version has only "a virgin," stays marked.
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Expected: "a little water" (KJV, RSV, NETS)
Ruling 2
μικρός is "small" (Luke 19:3, "small in stature"). The neuter μικρόν with a mass noun is a small amount, "a little," and "a small water" is not English; "little" is printed at 24:17 and 24:43, the home gloss's own sense applied to quantity.
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The Greek has no word for the Masoretic version's "again" (עוֹד) after "ran," and Swete gives "draw" an object, ὕδωρ "water," which Rahlfs lacks. The Greek has two verbs where the Masoretic version has one: ἀντλέω "draw" (24:13, 20; John 2:8; 4:7) and ὑδρεύομαι "fetch water" (24:11, 19, 20, 43–45) both stand for שָׁאַב "draw," and the variation is kept (6).
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Ruling 11
ἄνθρωπος, "human" by default, prints "man" where a woman already in the story stands in the same verse or the next: Rebekah at 24:21–22, 29–30, 58, 61 and 65, the daughters and the virgin at 24:43 ("the men of the city"). It stays "human" at 24:26, where no woman is in the verse or the next, and at 24:32, where ἀνήρ "men" stands in the same verse (11).
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ἐνώτια, "earrings," ornaments of the ear (ἐν + οὖς), plural, where the Masoretic version reads "a hoop" (נֶזֶם), which 24:47 puts on Rebekah's nose; the Greek never names the nose. ἀνὰ δραχμὴν ὁλκῆς, "a drachm of weight apiece," where the Masoretic version reads "a beka its weight": the beka is half a shekel (Exod 38:26), and the Greek weighs instead in the drachm, the coin of Luke 15:8, half of the didrachm Abimelech paid at 20:14, 16, and gives each earring that weight. The bracelets are "ten of gold their weight" in both versions, with no unit named.
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παρὰ τῷ πατρί σου, "with your father," where the Masoretic version reads "in the house of your father": the Greek has no word for "house." It adds "And he questioned her" before "and said" (seeded).
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τοῦ Μέλχας, "the one of Milcah," with the article alone, where the Masoretic version reads "son of Milcah": the Greek has no word for "son," and the article points back to Bethuel. Swete adds αὐτῷ, "to him," before "Nahor," where Rahlfs lacks it; the pronoun anticipates the name and is not printed twice.
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εὐδοκήσας, "being well pleased" (Matt 3:17, "in whom I am well pleased"), where the Masoretic version reads "bowed" (וַיִּקֹּד, the bowing of the head): the Greek gives the servant's delight where the Hebrew gives his posture, here and at 24:48, and keeps only one act of bowing, προσεκύνησεν "bowed down." At 24:26 ἄνθρωπος is "human," since no woman stands in this verse or the next (11); the Masoretic version reads "the man" (אִישׁ).
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Ruling 52
δικαιοσύνη, "justice," stands for the Masoretic version's "loyalty" (חֶסֶד), as at 19:19 and 20:13, beside ἀλήθεια "truth" for אֱמֶת; at 24:49 the Greek pairs the two Hebrew words otherwise, "mercy and justice". The Greek has "the brother," singular, for "the brothers," and "Me the Lord has prospered" for "on the way … has led me": εὐοδόω is to make a way (ὁδός) go well, and it carries the Masoretic version's "on the way." ἐγκαταλείπω, "forsake," is the verb of Matt 27:46.
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ἡ παῖς, the feminine, is "girl" (147f), a daughter of the house (Luke 8:51, 54), apart from παῖς "servant," the word for Abraham's servant throughout the chapter; the Masoretic version also reads "the girl" (נַעֲרָ) at 24:28 and 24:57.
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The alignment marks αὐτῷ Δεῦρο, "to him, Come," as the plus; but δεῦρο, "Come," answers the Masoretic version's "Come" (בּוֹא), and what the Greek adds is "to him" and a second imperative, εἴσελθε, "enter."
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Swete prints εὐλογητὸς Κύριος, with the name in the nominative: "Blessed the Lord," a verbless blessing of God (65, as 24:27), where the Masoretic version reads "blessed of ADONAI," Laban's greeting to the servant (construct בְּרוּךְ יְהוָה). The text is printed as Swete has it. Swete also prints ἡτοίμασα, "I have prepared," where Rahlfs reads differently and the Masoretic version reads "I have cleared".
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The Greek has "water for his feet" with no word for the Masoretic version's "to wash." ἄνθρωπος stays "human" here because ἀνήρ, "men," stands in the same verse (11). ἀπέσαξεν, "unloaded," the camels' packs, stands for "loosed."
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Ruling 147
ἄρτους, plural, "loaves," the split by construction of ἄρτος "bread" (147f; 14:18; Mark 6:41), added by the Greek where the Masoretic version reads only "there was put before his face to eat."
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μόσχους, "calves," the plural of the home gloss "calf," where the Masoretic version reads "herd" (בָּקָר); the Greek names the young of the herd (12:16; 20:14).
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Ruling 52
μετὰ τὸ γηρᾶσαι αὐτόν, "after he had grown old," with a masculine pronoun, Abraham, where the Masoretic version reads "after her old age," Sarah's (זִקְנָתָהּ). The Greek also counts the son, "one son" (seeded).
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Swete prints Κύριος ὁ θεός, "the Lord God," where Rahlfs reads differently and the Masoretic version has the name alone; "God" is marked as a plus. εὐαρεστέω, "be well-pleasing," stands for the Masoretic version's "walked about before," as at 5:22, 24 and 6:9. Swete's ἐξαποστελεῖ, "he will send out," has the compound of 24:7's ἀποστελεῖ "he will send."
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παρθένος, "virgin," for the Masoretic version's עַלְמָה, "young woman" (125h): the same pair as Isa 7:14, where the Septuagint's ἡ παρθένος is quoted at Matt 1:23 and argued over by Justin and Trypho (Dialogue 43, 67, 71); Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion read νεᾶνις there. In Genesis the translators use παρθένος for a marriageable girl, for נַעֲרָ (24:14, 16, 55) and בְּתוּלָה (24:16) as well as for עַלְמָה here; the word decides nothing about Isa 7:14, and both readings stay in view. The retelling also gives the plus "and the daughters of the men of the city will go out to fetch water," where the Masoretic version has the young woman herself go out to draw; ἄνθρωπος is "men" because the daughters and the virgin stand in the verse (11).
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Swete prints ἐπὶ τὸν βραχίονα, "onto her arm," from Alexandrinus, where Rahlfs reads differently; the Masoretic version reads "brought down her jar from on her." The words repeat 24:18 and are marked as a plus.
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In the retelling Swete varies the question ("Whose daughter are you?", against "Daughter of whom are you?" at 24:23), and repeats "Announce to me" from 24:23 and "am I" from 24:24, where the Masoretic version has neither here. The Greek has no words for "on her nose": "I put around her the earrings," ornaments of the ear, where the Masoretic version reads "I put the hoop on her nose."
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Swete has no words for the Masoretic version's "and if not, tell me." The Greek's οὖν, "then," stands for its "And now," and εἰ ποιεῖτε, "if you are doing," for "if you are there, doing." ἔλεος "mercy" and δικαιοσύνη "justice" stand for "loyalty and truth," where 24:27 had "justice and truth" for the same pair. ἵνα ἐπιστρέψω, "that I may turn again," a clause of purpose, for "and I will face."
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Ruling 52
ἀντειπεῖν κακὸν καλῷ, "to speak against you bad for beautiful," to answer good with bad, where the Masoretic version reads "to speak to you bad or good": in the Greek, Laban and Bethuel will not contradict, where in the Hebrew they cannot speak at all. The Greek also has πρόσταγμα, "ordinance," for "the word," and the future "we shall not be able."
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σκεύη ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χρυσᾶ, "vessels of silver and of gold," with the noun once, where the Masoretic version repeats it ("articles of silver and articles of gold"); the second is marked as lacking. The phrase recurs at 2 Tim 2:20.
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Ruling 52
τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτῆς, "her belongings," where the Masoretic version reads "the one who suckled her" (מֵנִקְתָּהּ), the nurse Deborah of 35:8: the Greek reads the consonants as from קָנָה, "acquire" (מִקְנֶה, "acquisition"). The nurse is lost here and appears without introduction at 35:8.
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Ruling 81
The blessing is lined as the Masoretic version lines it (81). The Greek has "Our sister you are" with a verb, "myriads" plural, "the cities" for "the gate," and ὑπεναντίοι, "adversaries" (Heb 10:27), for "his haters," with no pronoun.
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κατὰ τὸ φρέαρ τῆς ὁράσεως, "by the well of the sight," where the Masoretic version reads "Beer-lahai-roi": the Greek translates the name, and not as it did at 16:14 ("Well Where I Saw Face to Face"), so it is marked as a name. It also has Isaac "going through the desert," where the Masoretic version reads "had come from coming," and "the land toward the southwest" for "the land of the Negev," as at 20:1.
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Ruling 52
ἀδολεσχέω, "commune," to talk at length, with oneself or another: of the psalmist with his own heart (Ps 76:7 LXX), of musing on the commandments (Ps 118:15, 23, 27 LXX), of idle talk (Sir 7:14, "do not babble in a crowd of elders"). The Septuagint uses it for the root שׂיח, "talk, complain, muse," and so reads the rare לָשׂוּחַ of the Masoretic version, printed there "to muse," as speech. The Hebrew has also been read as prayer (Onkelos, "to pray"; b. Ber. 26b, where Isaac institutes the afternoon prayer from this verse) and as walking. "Commune" keeps the thinking and the talking together (KJV Ps 77:6, "I commune with mine own heart," for the same root). The Greek also has τὸ πρὸς δείλης, "toward afternoon," for "as evening faced."
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εἰσῆλθεν, "entered," without an object, where the Masoretic version reads "brought her into the tent of Sarah his mother": the Greek has "the house of his mother," and moves "Sarah" to the last clause, "comforted concerning Sarah his mother" (seeded as a minus and a plus).
Tables
Names in Gen 24 (18): the familiar English form is printed for the same person or place.
| Greek | Printed | Masoretic version |
|---|---|---|
| Ἀβραάμ | Abraham | Abraham |
| Ἰσαάκ | Isaac | Isaac |
| Σάρρα | Sarah | Sarah |
| Ναχώρ | Nahor | Nahor |
| Μελχά, Μέλχας | Milcah | Milcah |
| Βαθουήλ | Bethuel | Bethuel |
| Ῥεβέκκα | Rebekah | Rebekah |
| Λαβάν | Laban | Laban |
| Χαναναῖοι | the Canaanites | the Canaanite |
| Μεσοποταμία | Mesopotamia (24:10, a different name) | Aram-naharaim |
| τὸ φρέαρ τῆς ὁράσεως | the well of the sight (24:62, translated) | Beer-lahai-roi |
Words in this chapter (219)
| Word | Gloss | Instead of | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| πρεσβύτερος | elder | old / old / old | The comparative of πρέσβυς "old man," as an adjective (Luke 15:25, "his elder son") and a noun, the elders (Matt 16:21; Acts 14:23; 1 Tim 5:17). Of age at 18:11–12 |
| Ἀβραάμ | Abraham | Abraham | The name from 17:5, in both versions; Ἀβράμ "Abram" before it. Matt 1:1; Rom 4; Gal 3; Heb 11 |
| προβαίνω | go forward | well stricken / advanced / advanced | Go on (Matt 4:21); with days, "advanced in age": Luke 1:7, 18 and 2:36 echo 18:11 |
| ἡμέρα | day | day | |
| πᾶς | all; every | all; every | |
| εἰμί | be | be | Kept apart from γίνομαι "come to be" |
| κύριος | Lord | the LORD | κύριος for the Tetragrammaton prints "Lord" in regular type (63); small capitals belong to the Masoretic version. κύριος ὁ θεός is "the Lord God." In Gen 2 the Greek has the pair at vv. 4, 8, 15, 16, 18 and 22, and θεός alone where the Masoretic version reads ADONAI Elohim at vv. 5, 7, 9, 19 and 21 |
| εὐλογέω | bless | — | |
| χείρ | hand | hand | |
| οἰκία | house | house | The building and the household (Matt 7:24–27; John 4:53). One root with οἶκος "house" (95, to be declared) |
| λέγω | say | say | |
| παῖς | servant; girl (ἡ παῖς, feminine) | servant; damsel / servant; maiden / servant; girl | Split by construction (147f): the feminine ἡ παῖς is "girl," a daughter of the house (24:28, 57; Luke 8:51, 54); "servant" elsewhere (77) |
| ἄρχων | ruler | prince / officer | One who rules (Matt 9:18; John 3:1; Eph 2:2). Of one root with ἀρχή and ἄρχω "rule" |
| τίθημι | set | set / put | "Set them in the firmament" (1:17); "set there the human" (2:8, 15). The Masoretic version has "gave" (נָתַן, 1:17) and "put" |
| μηρός | thigh | thigh / thigh / thigh | Rev 19:16 |
| Χαναναῖος | Canaanite | Canaanite | Matt 15:22 (the Canaanite woman) |
| οὐρανός | sky, skies | heaven | |
| οἰκέω | dwell | dwell | Rom 7:17–20; 8:9–11 |
| θεός | God | God | Capitalised for the God of Israel (9); the Masoretic version's "Elohim" does not carry over. Lowercase "god, gods" where the Greek speaks of other gods |
| λαμβάνω | take | take | |
| υἱός | son | son | |
| γῆ | land | earth | |
| ἐξορκίζω | adjure | make swear / make swear / bind by oath | Matt 26:63 "I adjure you by the living God." "Make swear" is ὁρκίζω's |
| θυγάτηρ | daughter | daughter | |
| Ἰσαάκ | Isaac | Isaac | Rom 9:7–10; Gal 4:28; Heb 11:17–20 |
| γυνή | woman | husband; wife | |
| ἐκεῖθεν | from there | from thence | |
| πορεύομαι | go | go | |
| γίνομαι | come to be | let there be; be / come into being | "Let light come to be," "and it came to be thus," "evening came to be": the chapter's verb of making things happen, against the Masoretic version's הָיָה "be." John 1:3 "all things came to be through him." With εἰς of result (2:7) the preposition is not printed |
| φυλή | tribe | family / family | The tribes of Israel (Matt 19:28; Rev 7:4–8) and of the nations (Rev 7:9), where the Masoretic version reads "clan" (מִשְׁפָּחָה) |
| βούλομαι | be minded | be willing / be willing / wish | To purpose, intend: Matt 1:19 "was minded to put her away"; Jas 1:18. "Want" is θέλω's |
| ἐξέρχομαι | go out | go out | |
| δέ | but (where it contrasts); now (where it opens a new circumstance or the next item of a list) | and; but; now | Never left out and never "and," which is καί (142g). Tagged only where it carries a ⸤connective⸥ mark, and then on every δέ of that verse |
| ἀποστρέφω | turn back | return | Turn back, turn away (3:19; Matt 26:52; Acts 3:26). One root with στρέφω "turn" and ἀποστροφή "turning" |
| ποτέ | ever; perhaps (μή ποτε) | peradventure / perhaps / perhaps | Split by construction: μή ποτε is "perhaps" with a fear or doubt (24:5, 39), "lest" with a purpose (3:22) |
| προσέχω | heed | have respect unto / pay attention | "Pay heed to, beware of" (Matt 7:15; Acts 8:6; 16:14) |
| ἄγγελος | messenger | angel \[62\] | |
| δίδωμι | give | give | |
| ἀποστέλλω | send | send forth | The verb of the apostle, the one sent (Matt 10:5, 16; John 20:21). "Send out" is ἐξαποστέλλω's |
| οἶκος | house | house / household | The household as well as the building (Acts 16:31) |
| λαλέω | speak | speak | Kept apart from λέγω "say" (Heb 1:1–2) |
| ὀμνύω | swear | swear / swear / swear | "He swore by himself" (Heb 6:13); Matt 5:34–36. ὄμνυμι is the same verb under this id; one family with ὁρκίζω, ὁρκισμός, ὅρκος (147g) |
| σπέρμα | seed | seed | Also offspring (Gal 3:16), which the one gloss keeps audible |
| πατήρ | father | father | |
| καθαρός | clean | clean / pure | Clean for sacrifice and food (7:2; 8:20) and clean of heart (Matt 5:8; John 13:10; 15:3). The Masoretic version's טָהוֹר is "pure" |
| ὅρκος | oath | oath / oath / oath | Matt 5:33; Heb 6:16–17. In "the Well of the Oath" (φρέαρ τοῦ ὅρκου), the Greek's name for Beersheba (21:14, 32–33; 22:19) |
| μόνον | only | only / only / only | The adverb (142i) |
| θέλω | want | be willing / be willing / want | Matt 26:39 "not as I want, but as you"; Rom 7:15–21. "Be minded" is βούλομαι's |
| ῥῆμα | word | word | A thing said, and the thing it tells of (Luke 2:15, 19). "Logos" is λόγος's (64); "word" is free in the Greek |
| ἀνίστημι | rise | rise up | "Rise" (Mark 1:35; 1 Thess 4:16), left free for it (G393); "wake" is ἐγείρω's |
| ἀγαθός | good | goods / goods / good things | "Good" is free in the Greek because καλός is "beautiful" (52): Matt 7:11 "good gifts"; Mark 10:18 "No one is good but God alone" |
| Ναχώρ | Nahor | Nahor / Nachor | Luke 3:34 |
| πόλις | city | city | |
| δέκα | ten | ten | δέκα πέντε, "fifteen" (5:10) |
| Μεσοποταμία | Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia / Mesopotamia / Mesopotamia | A different name from the Masoretic version's Aram-naharaim, printed as it sounds and marked (145f). Acts 2:9; 7:2 |
| κάμηλος | camel | camel | Matt 19:24 |
| ἔξω | outside | without / outside | Matt 26:69, 75; John 6:37 "I will not cast out outside." "From outside" is ἔξωθεν's |
| ἐκπορεύομαι | go forth | proceed / go out | The verb of the Eden river (2:10); John 15:26; Matt 4:4. "Go out" is left free for ἐξέρχομαι |
| φρέαρ | well | slimepits / bitumen pits | A dug well or shaft (John 4:11–12; Rev 9:1–2 "the shaft of the abyss," where the collocation decides). Shares its English with εὖ "well" (12:13, 16), a different word (145g) |
| ὑδρεύω | fetch water | draw water / draw water / draw water | Middle ὑδρεύομαι, to fetch water for oneself; "draw" is ἀντλέω's |
| ὀψέ | late | evening / evening / late | Late in the day: Mark 11:11, 19; 13:35; Matt 28:1. "Evening" is ἑσπέρα's |
| ἡνίκα | at the time when | when | A point in time, "whenever" with ἄν (2 Cor 3:15–16); kept apart from ὅτε "when" |
| κοιμίζω | bed down | make kneel / make kneel / make kneel | The causative of κοιμάομαι "fall asleep": to lay down for the night (24:11) |
| ὕδωρ | water (sg.); waters (pl.) | the waters | The Greek number is printed: singular "the water" (1:2, 6, 7, 9), plural "the waters" (1:10, 20–22). The Masoretic version has the plural מַיִם throughout |
| εὐοδόω | prosper | prosper / prosper / prosper | To give a good way (ὁδός): Rom 1:10; 3 John 2 "that you prosper." The Greek's word for the chapter's journey |
| ποιέω | make / do | make, create / do | Split by construction, as עָשָׂה (20): "make" with a thing made, "do" with a deed or work done (2:2). In Gen 1 it also stands for בָּרָא, so the Greek has no separate "create" |
| σήμερον | today | this day / today | |
| ἔλεος | mercy | grace / favor / mercy | Luke 1:50, 54, 72; Matt 9:13 "I want mercy and not sacrifice." In Genesis it stands once for חֵן (19:19) |
| ἵστημι | stand; make stand (transitive) | establish / set up | Split by construction (20): intransitive "stand," transitive "make stand" ("I will make stand my covenant," 6:18; Rom 3:31 "we make the law stand") |
| ἀντλέω | draw | draw / draw / draw | Of water: John 2:8–9; 4:7, 15. "Fetch water" is ὑδρεύομαι's |
| πηγή | spring | mist / spring | A spring of water (John 4:14; Jas 3:11). The Masoretic version's "upwelling" is אֵד |
| ποτίζω | give drink | water | "Give drink" to the land and the paradise (2:6, 10; 1 Cor 3:6–8; Matt 10:42) |
| γινώσκω | come to know | know | "The wood of coming to know beautiful and evil" (2:17). Kept apart from οἶδα "know" |
| παύω | cease | leave off / leave off | Luke 5:4; Acts 5:42; 1 Cor 13:8. "Rest" is καταπαύω's |
| ἐπικλίνω | tilt | let down / let down / tip | To lean or tip a thing toward |
| ὑδρία | water jar | pitcher / jar / water jar | John 2:6–7; 4:28, where the woman of Samaria leaves hers at the well |
| παρθένος | virgin | damsel; virgin / maiden; virgin / virgin | Isa 7:14 LXX; Matt 1:23; 25:1–11. In Gen 24 for נַעֲרָ, בְּתוּלָה and עַלְמָה alike; see 24:43 |
| πίνω | drink | drink | |
| ἑτοιμάζω | prepare | appoint / appoint / prepare | Matt 3:3; John 14:2–3 "I go to prepare a place." At 24:14, 44 for the Masoretic version's "set right" |
| Μελχά | Milcah | Milcah | |
| Βαθουήλ | Bethuel | Bethuel / Bethuel / Bathouel | The father of Rebekah (22:22–23; 24:15, 24, 47, 50) |
| ἔχω | have | have | |
| πρό | before | before | "Before it came to be" (2:5), with the article and infinitive |
| ὦμος | shoulder | shoulder / shoulder / shoulder | Matt 23:4; Luke 15:5 "lays it on his shoulders" |
| συντελέω | complete | finish | Bring to completion (Luke 4:13; Heb 8:8). "Finish" is left free for τελέω (John 19:30) |
| τίκτω | bear | bring forth / bear | "Bear" a child (Matt 1:21; Rev 12:2–5) |
| ἀδελφός | brother | brother | |
| διάνοια | understanding | imagination / inclination | Thinking through (Mark 12:30, KJV "with all thy mind"; Eph 4:18 "having the understanding darkened"; 1 John 5:20). "Mind" is kept for νοῦς (144c). Of the root of διανοέομαι "ponder." See 8:21 |
| Ῥεβέκκα | Rebekah | Rebekah / Rebekah / Rebekka | Rom 9:10 |
| πίμπλημι | fill full | fill | Of the land filled with injustice (6:11, 13), of persons filled with spirit (Luke 1:15, 41), of days fulfilled (Luke 1:23). "Fill" is πληρόω's |
| καλός | beautiful | good | The verdict of the days of making (1:4–31), and the adjective of the tree (2:9, 17). Matt 5:16 "your beautiful works"; John 10:11 "the beautiful shepherd." The Masoretic version has טוֹב "good": the two versions differ by translation, not by text (52). "Good" stays free for ἀγαθός |
| ἀναβαίνω | go up | go up | |
| καταβαίνω | go down | come down / come down | The verb of descent from the sky (John 3:13; 6:38). Opposite ἀναβαίνω "go up" |
| ἀνήρ | man | husband; wife | |
| ὄψις | appearance | to look upon / to look upon / in appearance | John 7:24 "do not judge by appearance"; John 11:44; Rev 1:16. "Sight" is ὅρασις's |
| σφόδρα | very | greatly / exceedingly | Matt 2:10; 17:6. "Exceedingly" is λίαν's |
| συνάντησις | meeting | to meet | Matt 8:34 "came out to a meeting with Jesus"; John 12:13 |
| μικρός | small | small / small / small | "From small to great" (Acts 8:10; Heb 8:11); Matt 18:6, 10 |
| ἐπιτρέχω | run toward | ran to meet / ran to meet / ran up to | ἐπί + τρέχω "run" |
| σπεύδω | hurry | hasten / hasten / hurry | Luke 2:16; 19:5–6; 2 Pet 3:12 |
| βραχίων | arm | hand / hand / arm | Luke 1:51; John 12:38; Acts 13:17 "with an uplifted arm" |
| καθαιρέω | take down | let down / let down / took down | Mark 15:36, 46 "took him down"; Luke 1:52 "took down rulers" |
| τρέχω | run | ran | Luke 15:20; 1 Cor 9:24–26 |
| ποτιστήριον | drinking trough | trough / trough / watering trough | The trough where beasts are given drink (ποτίζω "give drink") |
| ἐκκενόω | empty out | emptied / emptied / emptied | Of κενόω "empty" (Phil 2:7) |
| παρασιωπάω | keep quiet | held his peace / gazed in silence / kept quiet | To pass over in silence |
| καταμανθάνω | observe | wondering / gazed / observed | To learn thoroughly, take note: Matt 6:28 "observe the lilies" |
| ἄνθρωπος | human | man | Core table (11) |
| ὁδός | way | way | |
| δραχμή | drachm | shekel / shekel / drachma | The Attic silver coin and weight (Luke 15:8–9), half of the δίδραχμον "didrachm" (20:14) |
| ἐνώτιον | earring | earring / ring / earring | An ornament of the ear (οὖς), where the Masoretic version has נֶזֶם "hoop," worn on the nose (24:47) |
| χρύσεος | of gold | of gold / of gold / gold | The adjective of χρυσίον "gold": 2 Tim 2:20; Heb 9:4; Rev 1:12 |
| δύο | two | two | |
| ψέλιον | bracelet | bracelet / bracelet / bracelet | |
| ἀνά | between (in ἀνὰ μέσον); apiece | between / between | Split by construction: ἀνὰ μέσον, tagged with μέσος, is "between" (1:4, 6, 7, 14, 18; Matt 13:25; 1 Cor 6:5); distributive ἀνά is "apiece" (Matt 20:9–10; John 2:6) |
| ὁλκή | weight | weight / weight / weight | The pull of the scale |
| καταλύω | lodge (intransitive); throw down (transitive) | tarry / spend the night / lodge | Split by construction (20): "lodge," of travellers unharnessing for the night (Luke 9:12; 19:7); with an object, "throw down" (Matt 5:17; 24:2; 26:61) |
| ἐπερωτάω | question | — / — / ask | Mark 12:34 "no one dared question him"; Matt 16:1. "Ask" is ἐρωτάω's |
| ἀναγγέλλω | announce | tell | Bring back word, announce (John 4:25; 16:13; Acts 20:27). "Tell" is not a Greek home gloss |
| τόπος | place | place | |
| πολύς | many; much | many / numerous | "Many" with a count, "much" with a mass (Matt 13:5; John 3:23) |
| χόρτασμα | fodder | provender / provender / fodder | Acts 7:11 "sustenance" |
| ἄχυρον | chaff | straw / straw / chaff | Matt 3:12; Luke 3:17 |
| εὐδοκέω | be well pleased | bowed down / bowed his head / was pleased | Matt 3:17 "in whom I am well pleased"; Luke 12:32. At 24:26, 48 for the Masoretic version's "bowed" |
| προσκυνέω | bow down | bowed himself / bowed himself / did obeisance | Bow down, prostrate oneself, of homage to a person (18:2; 23:7) and of worship of God (Matt 4:10; John 4:20–24; Rev 22:8–9), where the expected English is "worship": the one word never decides whether a bowing was worship (Matt 2:11; 28:9) |
| εὐλογητός | blessed | blessed | "Blessed is the Lord God of Israel" (Luke 1:68; Eph 1:3), the verbless formula (125l). One root with εὐλογέω "bless" (to be declared as a pair, 95). "Happy" is μακάριος's |
| δικαιοσύνη | justice | righteousness; righteous | |
| ἀλήθεια | truth | truth / faithfulness / truth | John 1:14, 17; 14:6 |
| ἐγκαταλείπω | forsake | forsaken / forsaken / abandoned | Matt 27:46 "why have you forsaken me?"; Heb 13:5. "Leave behind" is καταλείπω's |
| μήτηρ | mother | mother | |
| ἀπαγγέλλω | report | tell | Bring word back, report (Matt 28:8, 11; 1 John 1:2–3). "Announce" is ἀναγγέλλω's |
| ὄνομα | name | name | |
| Λαβάν | Laban | Laban / Laban / Laban | |
| ἔρχομαι | come | come | |
| ἀδελφή | sister | sister | |
| ὁράω | see; be seen (passive) | see; appear | "Let the dry be seen" (1:9), the passive kept; the Masoretic version has the same |
| ὅτε | when | when | |
| οὕτω | thus | so | "And it came to be thus," the formula of the days |
| ἀκούω | hear | hear | |
| δεῦρο | come | come / come / come | The singular of δεῦτε "come" (11:3): "come, follow me" (Matt 19:21); "Lazarus, come outside" (John 11:43) |
| εἰσέρχομαι | enter | come / go in | Matt 7:13; John 10:9. The opposite of ἐξέρχομαι "go out" |
| ἀποσάττω | unload | ungirded / ungirded / unloaded | To take off the packs (σάττω "pack, load") |
| πούς | foot | foot | |
| ἄρτος | bread; loaves (plural) | bread / bread; loaves | Split by number (147f): the plural ἄρτοι is "loaves" (14:18; 21:14; 24:33; Mark 6:41) |
| ἐσθίω | eat | eat | |
| παρατίθημι | set before | set before | Mark 6:41; 8:6–7; Luke 10:8. A compound of τίθημι "set" |
| ὄνος | donkey | ass | John 12:15 |
| πρόβατον | sheep | flock / sheep | Where the Masoretic version reads "flock" (צֹאן) |
| ὑψόω | exalt | lift up / rise high | Make high: of the water and the chest (7:17, 20, 24), of the son of the human lifted on the cross (John 3:14; 12:32), of the lowly (Luke 1:52; 14:11). "Lift up" is ἐπαίρω's |
| ἀργύριον | silver | silver | The metal and the coin (Matt 26:15; Acts 3:6), kept concrete (39) |
| μόσχος | calf | oxen / herds | Luke 15:23; Heb 9:12. "Ox" is βοῦς's |
| παιδίσκη | servant-girl | maidservant / maids / female servants | The feminine diminutive of παῖς "servant": Gal 4:22–31, "the son of the servant-girl"; Acts 12:13. Kept apart from δοῦλος "slave" (77) |
| χρυσίον | gold | gold | χρυσός, the rarer word, takes its own gloss when reached (33) |
| ὅσος | as many as | everything that | "All the things, as many as he had made" (1:31) |
| Σάρρα | Sarah | Sarah | The name from 17:15, in both versions; Σάρα "Sarai" before it. Rom 4:19; 9:9; Heb 11:11; 1 Pet 3:6 |
| εἷς | one | one / first | "Day one" (1:5), the cardinal, as in the Masoretic version |
| γηράω | grow old | old age / old age / grew old | The same verb as γηράσκω "grow old" (John 21:18) in another present; one word (88, 95, to be declared) |
| παροικέω | sojourn | sojourn | Live as a resident alien (Luke 24:18; Heb 11:9 "he sojourned in the land of promise"). One root with πάροικος "sojourner" (15:13) |
| ὁρκίζω | make swear | made me swear / made me swear / made me swear | The causative of ὀμνύω "swear," with ὅρκος "oath" and ὁρκισμός "swearing" (Mark 5:7; Acts 19:13; 1 Thess 5:27). ἐξορκίζω (24:3; Matt 26:63), when it is given an id, is "adjure" |
| ἀλλά | but | but | The strong adversative, "not this but that" (17:5, 15; Matt 5:17). Shares "but" with contrastive δέ as one sense from two words (95) |
| ἐξαποστέλλω | send out | send forth / send out | Luke 1:53; Gal 4:4, 6 |
| εὐαρεστέω | be well-pleasing | walk with / please | Where the Masoretic version reads "walk about with" (5:22, 24; 6:9); Heb 11:5–6; 13:16 |
| ἀθῷος | innocent | clear / free / innocent | Unpunished, guiltless: Matt 27:4 "innocent blood," 27:24 "I am innocent" |
| ὁρκισμός | swearing | — / — / oath | The swearing of an oath; in the name "Well of Swearing" (21:31) for Beersheba. One root with ὀμνύω "swear" and ὅρκος "oath" (to be declared, 95) |
| γάρ | for | for | The connective of grounds, never left out; tagged where it carries a ⸤connective⸥ mark (14:12) |
| ἀρά | imprecation | oath / oath / curse | Rom 3:14 "whose mouth is full of imprecation and bitterness" (Ps 13:3 LXX). "Curse" stays with καταράομαι (144i) |
| νῦν | now | now | |
| θεράπων | attendant | servant; servant; serve | |
| εὐθύς | straight; straightway (adverb) | behold / immediately | The adjective "straight" (Matt 3:3 "make his paths straight"); the adverb "straightway," Mark's word (Mark 1:10, 12) |
| περιτίθημι | put around | put / put / put around | Matt 27:28, 48; Mark 15:17 |
| φημί | declare | said / said / said | To speak out, affirm (Matt 4:7; 1 Cor 10:15). "Say" is λέγω's |
| ἐρωτάω | ask | ask / ask / ask | To question and to request (John 1:19; 14:16) |
| δεξιός | right | right | The hand and the side (Matt 5:29; 22:44) |
| ἐπιστρέφω | turn again | return | Turn round, turn back (Matt 24:18; Luke 17:31); "turn again" to God (Acts 3:19; 1 Thess 1:9) |
| ἀριστερός | left | left | The hand and the side (Matt 6:3; Mark 10:37) |
| ἀποκρίνομαι | answer | answer | The participle with a verb of saying, "answering, said" (Matt 3:15) |
| πρόσταγμα | ordinance | the thing / the thing / ordinance | An order laid down; the Septuagint's word for חֹק (Gen 26:5) |
| κακός | bad | evil / disaster / bad things | Of the root of κακία "badness" (Matt 6:34) and κακόω "maltreat." "Evil" is πονηρός's |
| ἀντιλέγω | speak against | speak / speak / contradict | Luke 2:34 "a sign spoken against"; John 19:12; Rom 10:21 |
| δύναμαι | be able | be able | |
| ἀποτρέχω | run off | go your way / be gone | |
| καθά | even as | as | Matt 27:10. "Just as" is καθώς's |
| σκεῦος | vessel | jewel / jewelry / vessel | Rom 9:21–23; 2 Cor 4:7; 2 Tim 2:20 "vessels of gold and of silver" |
| ἱματισμός | clothing | raiment / raiment / clothing | Luke 7:25; John 19:24; Acts 20:33. "Cloak" is ἱμάτιον's |
| ἐκφέρω | bring forth | bring forth | Carry or bring out (Luke 15:22; Acts 5:6; Heb 6:8 of land bearing thorns). Kept apart from ἐξάγω "bring out" |
| δῶρον | gift | offering / gift | Abel's "gifts" (4:4; Heb 11:4) |
| ἀργυροῦς | of silver | of silver / of silver / silver | The adjective of ἀργύριον "silver": Acts 19:24; 2 Tim 2:20 |
| ἐκπέμπω | send forth | send away / send away / send off | Acts 13:4; 17:10. "Send" is ἀποστέλλω's, "send out" ἐξαποστέλλω's |
| πρωΐ | morning | morning | An adverb, "early," used as a noun of the day's start |
| κοιμάομαι | fall asleep | raise; resurrection; die | |
| ἀπέρχομαι | go away | return / depart | 3:19, where the Masoretic version reads "return" |
| ὡσεί | as it were | as / like / as it were | Matt 3:16 "as it were a dove"; Luke 22:44 |
| μένω | remain | abide / remain / remain | John 1:38–39; 15:4–10 |
| κατέχω | hold fast | caught / caught / held fast | "Hold fast what is beautiful" (1 Thess 5:21); Heb 10:23. "Hold" is χωρέω's |
| στόμα | mouth | mouth | |
| καλέω | call | call | With two accusatives, "called the light Day," the Greek has no "to" (contrast the Masoretic version's קָרָא לְ) |
| ὑπάρχω | exist; belongings (τὰ ὑπάρχοντα) | substance / possessions / goods | Split by construction (20): the verb is "exist" (Phil 2:6 "existing in the form of God"); the neuter plural participle is "belongings" (Luke 12:15; 1 Cor 13:3) |
| χιλιάς | thousand | thousands / thousands / thousands | The noun, a thousand as a body (Rev 7:4–8). χίλιοι, the numeral, also "thousand"; one root (95, to be declared) |
| μυριάς | myriad | millions / ten thousands / myriads | Luke 12:1; Rev 5:11 "myriads of myriads" |
| κληρονομέω | inherit | be heir / possess / inherit | Matt 5:5; Gal 4:30; Heb 1:14 |
| ὑπεναντίος | adversary | enemies / enemies / adversaries | "The fire that will consume the adversaries" (Heb 10:27); Col 2:14. "Enemy" is ἐχθρός's |
| ἅβρα | maid | damsels / maids / favorite slaves | A lady's own maid (Exod 2:5; Jdt 8:33). "Servant-girl" is παιδίσκη's |
| ἀναλαμβάνω | take up | — / took / took up | Acts 1:2, 11 "taken up"; Eph 6:13, 16 |
| ἐπιβαίνω | mount | rode / rode / mounted | Matt 21:5 "mounted on a donkey"; Acts 21:2, 6 |
| λίψ | southwest | south / Negeb | The southwest wind and its quarter (Acts 27:12); see 13:14 |
| ὅρασις | sight | sight | |
| ἔρημος | desert | wilderness / desert | The empty land; "the voice of one shouting in the desert" (Mark 1:3). In Gen 12–13 for the Negev |
| κατοικέω | dwell | dwell / dwell / dwell | One root with οἰκέω "dwell" (to be declared as a pair, 95); "settle" is κατοικίζω's |
| πεδίον | plain | field / plain | Level open country; the Masoretic version's "field" is שָׂדֶה, the Greek's ἀγρός |
| ἀδολεσχέω | commune | meditate / meditate / meditate | To talk at length, with oneself or another; for שׂיח in the Psalms (Ps 76:4, 7; 118:15, 23, 27 LXX); see 24:63 |
| δείλη | afternoon | eventide / evening / evening | The late part of the day; one root with δειλινός "afternoon" (3:8; 95, to be declared) |
| ἀναβλέπω | look up | lift up / look | Look up (Mark 6:41; Luke 19:5); of the blind, "look up again," see (Mark 10:51–52) |
| ὀφθαλμός | eye | eye | |
| καταπηδάω | leap down | lighted off / alighted / leaped down | |
| περιβάλλω | throw around | covered herself / covered herself / put around herself | Luke 19:43; middle, of clothing, "throw around oneself" (Matt 6:29; Rev 3:5) |
| θέριστρον | summer veil | vail / veil / summer garment | A light summer covering (θέρος "summer") |
| διηγέομαι | relate | told / told / related | Mark 5:16; Luke 8:39; Acts 9:27. "Recount" is the Masoretic version's סָפַר |
| παρακαλέω | comfort | comfort / comfort / comfort | Matt 5:4 "they shall be comforted"; 2 Cor 1:3–7. The senses "urge, beseech" are decided by collocation when reached (3) |
| ἀγαπάω | love | lovest / love / have loved | Mark 12:30–31; John 3:16; 21:15–17, where it stands beside φιλέω (which takes its own gloss when reached) |