Genesis 26
⸢shaded⸣ in the Greek, not in the Hebrew · ‸ in the Hebrew, not in the Greek. Tap a mark to see it explained. underlined where the Hebrew has the word and the Greek says it differently.
In this chapter: 79 differences of wording, 14 pluses, 7 minuses, each marked by the translator.
Swete prints Codex Alexandrinus here.
1 Ἐγένετο δὲ λιμὸς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, χωρὶς τοῦ λιμοῦ τοῦ πρότερον ὃς ἐγενήθη ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τοῦ Ἀβραάμ· ἐπορεύθη δὲ Ἰσαὰκ πρὸς Ἀβιμέλεχ βασιλέα Φυλιστιεὶμ εἰς Γέραρα.
2 ὤφθη δὲ αὐτῷ Κύριος καὶ εἶπεν Μὴ καταβῇς εἰς Αἴγυπτον· κατοίκησον δὲ ἐν τῇ γῇ ᾗ ἄν σοι εἴπω.
3 καὶ παροίκει ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ καὶ ἔσομαι μετὰ σοῦ καὶ εὐλογήσω σε· σοὶ γὰρ καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου δώσω πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καὶ στήσω τὸν ὅρκον μου ὃν ὤμοσα Ἀβραὰμ τῷ πατρί σου.
4 καὶ πληθυνῶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς τοὺς ἀστέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ δώσω τῷ σπέρματί σου πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τῆς γῆς·
5 ἀνθ’ ὧν ὑπήκουσεν Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατήρ σου τῆς ἐμῆς φωνῆς, καὶ ἐφύλαξεν τὰ προστάγματά μου καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς μου καὶ τὰ δικαιώματά μου καὶ τὰ νόμιμά μου.
6 καὶ κατῴκησεν Ἰσαὰκ ἐν Γεράροις.
7 ἐπηρώτησαν δὲ οἱ ἄνδρες τοῦ τόπου περὶ Ῥεβέκκας τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἶπεν ὅτι Ἀδελφή μού ἐστιν· ἐφοβήθη γὰρ εἰπεῖν ὅτι Γυνή μού ἐστιν, μή ποτε ἀποκτείνωσιν αὐτὸν οἱ ἄνδρες τοῦ τόπου περὶ Ῥεβέκκας, ὅτι ὡραία τῇ ὄψει ἦν.
8 ἐγένετο δὲ πολυχρόνιος ἐκεῖ· παρακύψας δὲ Ἀβιμέλεχ ὁ βασιλεὺς Γεράρων διὰ τῆς θυρίδος ἴδεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ παίζοντα μετὰ Ῥεβέκκας τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ.
9 ἐκάλεσεν δὲ Ἀβιμέλεχ τὸν Ἰσαὰκ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Ἄρα γε γυνή σού ἐστιν· τί ὅτι εἶπας Ἀδελφή μού ἐστιν; εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ Ἰσαάκ Εἶπα γάρ Μή ποτε ἀποθάνω δι’ αὐτήν.
10 εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ Ἀβιμέλεχ Τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας ἡμῖν; μικροῦ ἐκοιμήθη τις τοῦ γένους μου μετὰ τῆς γυναικός σου, καὶ ἐπήγαγες ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ἄγνοιαν.
11 συνέταξεν δὲ Ἀβιμέλεχ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ λέγων Πᾶς ὁ ἁπτόμενος τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου ἢ τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ θανάτου ἔνοχος ἔσται.
12 ἔσπειρεν δὲ Ἰσαὰκ ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐκείνῃ, καὶ εὗρεν ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἐκείνῳ ἑκατοστεύουσαν κριθήν· εὐλόγησεν δὲ αὐτὸν Κύριος.
13 καὶ ὑψώθη ὁ ἄνθρωπος, καὶ προβαίνων μείζων ἐγίνετο ἕως οὗ μέγας ἐγίνετο σφόδρα·
14 ἐγένετο δὲ αὐτῷ κτήνη προβάτων καὶ κτήνη βοῶν καὶ γεώργια πολλά. ἐζήλωσαν δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ Φυλιστιείμ·
15 καὶ πάντα τὰ φρέατα ἃ ὤρυξαν οἱ παῖδες τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, ἐνέφραξαν αὐτὰ οἱ Φυλιστιεὶμ καὶ ἔπλησαν αὐτὰ γῆς.
16 εἶπεν δὲ Ἀβιμέλεχ πρὸς Ἰσαάκ Ἄπελθε ἀφ’ ἡμῶν, ὅτι δυνατώτερος ἡμῶν ἐγένου σφόδρα.
17 καὶ ἀπῆλθεν ἐκεῖθεν Ἰσαὰκ καὶ κατέλυσεν ἐν τῇ φάραγγι Γεράρων, καὶ κατῴκησεν ἐκεῖ.
18 καὶ πάλιν Ἰσαὰκ ὤρυξεν τὰ φρέατα τοῦ ὕδατος ἃ ὤρυξαν οἱ παῖδες Ἀβραὰμ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐνέφραξαν αὐτὰ οἱ Φυλιστιεὶμ μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν αὐτοῖς ὀνόματα κατὰ τὰ ὀνόματα ἃ ὠνόμασεν Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ.
19 ὤρυξαν δὲ οἱ παῖδες Ἰσαὰκ ἐν τῇ φάραγγι Γεράρων, καὶ εὗρον ἐκεῖ φρέαρ ὕδατος ζῶντος.
20 καὶ ἐμαχέσαντο οἱ ποιμένες Γεράρων μετὰ τῶν ποιμένων Ἰσαάκ, φάσκοντες αὐτῶν εἶναι τὸ ὕδωρ· καὶ ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ φρέατος ἐκείνου Ἀδικία· ἠδίκησαν γὰρ αὐτόν.
21 ἀπάρας δὲ Ἰσαὰκ ἐκεῖθεν ὤρυξεν φρέαρ ἕτερον· ἐκρίνοντο δὲ καὶ περὶ ἐκείνου, καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐχθρία.
22 ἀπάρας δὲ ἐκεῖθεν ὤρυξεν φρέαρ ἕτερον, καὶ οὐκ ἐμαχέσαντο περὶ αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Εὐρυχωρία, λέγων Διότι νῦν ἐπλάτυνεν Κύριος ἡμῖν καὶ ηὔξησεν ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
23 ἀνέβη δὲ ἐκεῖθεν ἐπὶ τὸ φρέαρ τοῦ ὅρκου.
24 καὶ ὤφθη αὐτῷ Κύριος ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ἐκείνῃ, καὶ εἶπεν Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ τοῦ πατρός σου· μὴ φοβοῦ· μετὰ σοῦ γάρ εἰμι, καὶ εὐλογήσω σε καὶ πληθυνῶ τὸ σπέρμα σου διὰ Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα σου.
25 καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐκεῖ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἐπεκαλέσατο τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου, καὶ ἔπηξεν ἐκεῖ τὴν σκηνὴν αὐτοῦ· ὤρυξαν δὲ ἐκεῖ οἱ παῖδες Ἰσαὰκ φρέαρ.
26 καὶ Ἀβιμέλεχ ἐπορεύθη πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀπὸ Γεράρων, καὶ Ὀχοζὰθ ὁ νυμφαγωγὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ Φικὸλ ὁ ἀρχιστράτηγος τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ.
27 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Ἰσαάκ Ἵνα τί ἤλθατε πρὸς μέ; ὑμεῖς δὲ ἐμισήσατέ με καὶ ἀπεστείλατέ με ἀφ’ ὑμῶν.
28 καὶ εἶπαν Ἰδόντες ἑωράκαμεν ὅτι ἦν Κύριος μετὰ σοῦ, καὶ εἴπαμεν Γενέσθω ἀρὰ ἀνὰ μέσον ἡμῶν καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον σοῦ, καὶ διαθησόμεθα μετὰ σοῦ διαθήκην
29 μὴ ποιήσειν μεθ’ ἡμῶν κακόν, καθότι ἡμεῖς σε οὐκ ἐβδελυξάμεθα, καὶ ὃν τρόπον ἐχρήμεθά σοι καλῶς καὶ ἐξαπεστείλαμέν σε μετ’ εἰρήνης· καὶ νῦν σὺ εὐλογητὸς ὑπὸ Κυρίου.
30 καὶ ἐποίησεν αὐτοῖς δοχήν, καὶ ἔφαγον καὶ ἔπιον.
31 καὶ ἀναστάντες τὸ πρωὶ ὤμοσαν ἄνθρωπος τῷ πλησίον αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς Ἰσαάκ, καὶ ἀπῴχοντο ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ μετὰ σωτηρίας.
32 ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ καὶ παραγενόμενοι οἱ παῖδες Ἰσαὰκ ἀπήγγειλαν αὐτῷ περὶ τοῦ φρέατος οὗ ὤρυξαν, καὶ εἶπαν Οὐχ εὕρομεν ὕδωρ.
33 καὶ ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ὅρκος· διὰ τοῦτο ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα τῇ πόλει Φρέαρ ὅρκου, ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας.
34 Ἦν δὲ Ἠσαὺ ἐτῶν τεσσεράκοντα καὶ ἔλαβεν γυναῖκα Ἰουδίν, θυγατέρα Βεὴρ τοῦ Χετταίου, καὶ τὴν Μασεμμάθ, θυγατέρα Αἰλὼμ τοῦ Εὑαίου·
35 καὶ ἦσαν ἐρίζουσαι τῷ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ τῇ Ῥεβέκκᾳ.
Greek text: Swete's edition via First1KGreek, CC BY-SA 4.0, with corrections listed in the repository.
Notes
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ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου, "they shall be blessed in your seed," passive, where the Masoretic version reads "they shall bless themselves" (the hithpael, 124l); the Greek has the same passive at 22:18, and Peter quotes the promise in this form, "and in your seed shall all the families of the land be blessed" (Acts 3:25; Gal 3:8). The Greek has "all this land," singular, here and at 26:3, where the Masoretic version reads "all these lands." Paul argues from the singular σπέρμα, "seed," of the promises (Gal 3:16).
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The Greek names four things Abraham guarded: τὰ προστάγματα, "ordinances," τὰς ἐντολάς, "commandments," τὰ δικαιώματα, "just requirements," and τὰ νόμιμα, "statutes." The Masoretic version reads "my charge (מִשְׁמַרְתִּי): my commandments, my statutes and my Torahs" (126h). The Greek does not use νόμος, "law," for the Torahs, but νόμιμα, "the things the law lays down," the word the Greek uses for the Masoretic version's statutes in Leviticus (Lev 18:3, 26); δικαιώματα is the word of Luke 1:6, where Zechariah and Elizabeth walk "in all the commandments and just requirements of the Lord." The Greek adds "your father" after Abraham, marked as a plus, and has ἀνθ' ὧν, "because," as at 22:18, where the Masoretic version reads "in consequence that."
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Swete prints ὅτι before both quoted sayings, where Rahlfs reads differently at the first; the first "that" is marked as a plus with the second (seeded). The Greek turns the end of the verse to narration: "lest the men of the place kill him over Rebekah, for she was lovely in appearance," where the Masoretic version keeps Isaac's thought in his own words, "kill me … for she is good of sight." It adds Rebekah's name to "his woman" and ἐστιν, "she is," to "my woman," marked as pluses.
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Abimelech is ὁ βασιλεὺς Γεράρων, "the king of Gerar," where the Masoretic version reads "king of Philistines" (as at 26:1); the Greek names the city. παίζοντα, "playing," where the Masoretic version reads "laughing" (מְצַחֵק, the piel of the verb in Isaac's name, 126a), as at 21:9. ἐγένετο δὲ πολυχρόνιος ἐκεῖ, "he came to be long-abiding there," is one adjective for the Masoretic version's "when the days had been long for him there"; the Greek has no word for "when" or "for him," marked as minuses, and none for "and look."
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Expected: "might lightly have lien" (KJV) / "might easily have lain" (RSV)
Ruling 2
μικροῦ, the genitive of μικρός "small," is "by a little," that is, "almost": the thing did not happen, as the Masoretic version's "like a little" (כִּמְעַט) says. "By a small" is not English, and "by a little" reads in English as if it did happen; "almost" is printed, the home gloss's sense of a small amount applied to how near a thing came.
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Expected: "lien with" (KJV) / "lain with" (RSV)
Ruling 2
κοιμάομαι is "fall asleep" (CORE; 1 Thess 4:13–15), but with μετά and a woman it is to lie with her, the bed and not the sleep (Gen 19:32–35 LXX; Exod 22:16 LXX), as the Masoretic version's שָׁכַב אֶת. "Fell asleep with your woman" would lose the sense the verse turns on, and "lay" is printed.
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Ruling 52
With μικροῦ, "almost," the Greek has the aorist indicatives ἐκοιμήθη, "lay," and ἐπήγαγες, "you brought on," where the Masoretic version reads "would have lain … would have brought." ἄγνοια, "ignorance," for the Masoretic version's "liability" (אָשָׁם): a sin done unknowing, the word of the guilt offering "for his ignorance which he did in ignorance" (Lev 5:18 LXX) and of Acts 3:17, "I know that you acted in ignorance." The Greek has τοῦ γένους μου, "of my kind," for "of the people."
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θανάτου ἔνοχος ἔσται, "shall be liable of death," where the Masoretic version has the doubled verb "dying, he shall be made to die" (126g). The Greek is the verdict on Jesus, ἔνοχος θανάτου ἐστίν, "He is liable of death" (Matt 26:66; Mark 14:64). The Greek has "or his woman" for "and his woman," and adds πᾶς, "every," marked as a plus. ἄνθρωπος is "man," since his woman stands in the verse (11).
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Ruling 52
ἑκατοστεύουσαν κριθήν, "barley bearing a hundredfold," where the Masoretic version reads "a hundred measures" (מֵאָה שְׁעָרִים): the Greek read the consonants שערים as שְׂעֹרִים "barley," not שְׁעָרִים "measures" (literally "gates").
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ἄνθρωπος is "human" here (11): no woman stands in this verse or the next, where the Masoretic version reads "the man" (אִישׁ). ὑψώθη, "was exalted," is the verb of John 3:14 and Luke 14:11, where the Masoretic version reads "grew great" (גָּדַל, three times in the verse); the Greek has προβαίνων, "going forward," for "going," and two imperfects, "was coming to be," in place of the Masoretic version's "growing great … was great."
- Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "filled them with earth" (KJV, RSV)
Ruling 2
γῆ is "land" (CORE), but here it is the soil thrown into the wells, where the Masoretic version reads "dust" (עָפָר); "filled them full of land" would mislead, and "earth," the soil sense, is printed.
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ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ, "in the chronos," where the Masoretic version reads "in the days," here and at 26:1; the Greek has no name "Abraham" before "his father," marked as a minus.
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The Greek has two verbs of naming where the Masoretic version has "called" twice: ἐπωνόμασεν, "he named," for Isaac, and Swete's ὠνόμασεν, "had named," for Abraham, where Rahlfs reads ἐπωνόμασεν again. It has πάλιν, "again," for the Masoretic version's "returned and" (the Hebrew idiom for doing a thing again), and οἱ παῖδες Ἀβραάμ, "the servants of Abraham," where the Masoretic version reads "they had dug in the days of Abraham"; "after the death of Abraham" is an infinitive in both, "after Abraham died." The Greek adds "his father" and "Abraham" (pluses) and has no word for the Masoretic version's second "to them" (a minus).
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The Greek translates the well's name, Ἀδικία, "Injustice," where the Masoretic version keeps the name "Esek" (עֵשֶׂק, "contention"), and gives its reason in the same root, ἠδίκησαν γὰρ αὐτόν, "for they wronged him" (ἀδικέω, the verb of ἀδικία). The Masoretic version's pun runs on עשׂק, "for they had contended (הִתְעַשְּׂקוּ) with him." φάσκοντες αὐτῶν εἶναι τὸ ὕδωρ, "claiming the water to be theirs," is reported speech, where the Masoretic version quotes them, "The waters are ours."
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Expected: "another well" (KJV, RSV)
ἕτερον is split by construction (146c): "different," or "other" where it is the next of a count or series. The second and third wells are such a series (26:21, 22), but "another" is ἄλλος's gloss and "an other well" is not current English; "different" is printed, which holds what each new well is, a different well from the one fought over.
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ἐκρίνοντο, the middle of κρίνω "judge," is "go to judgment" (148f): to have a case judged, to go to law (1 Cor 6:1, 6; Matt 5:40). The Masoretic version reads "they quarreled" (רִיב), for which the Greek has "fought" (μάχομαι) at 26:20, 22.
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Ἐχθρία, "Enmity," where the Masoretic version keeps the name "Sitnah" (שִׂטְנָה, "accusation," of the root of שָׂטָן). ἐχθρία is the word the Greek uses for the "enmity" set between the serpent and the woman (3:15, ἔχθρα), in another spelling. The Greek begins the verse with Isaac setting out from there, marked as a plus, and has him dig where the Masoretic version reads "they dug."
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Εὐρυχωρία, "Broad Room," where the Masoretic version keeps the name "Rehoboth" (רְחֹבוֹת, "broad places"): the Greek translates the name with a word for wide space (εὐρύς "broad," χώρα "room, land"), and gives the reason with ἐπλάτυνεν, "has broadened." It has καὶ ηὔξησεν ἡμᾶς, "and has grown us," the Lord's act, where the Masoretic version reads "and we shall bear fruit"; αὐξάνω, "grow," is the Greek's word for the blessing "be fruitful" elsewhere (1:22; 35:11).
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Ruling 52
διὰ Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα σου, "for the sake of Abraham your father," where the Masoretic version reads "for the sake of Abraham my servant" (עַבְדִּי): the Greek repeats the verse's first title and does not call Abraham the Lord's servant. Swete prints εὐλογήσω, "I will bless," where Rahlfs reads differently.
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ὁ νυμφαγωγὸς αὐτοῦ, "his groomsman," the one who leads the bride to the groom's house, where the Masoretic version reads "his companion" (מֵרֵעֵהוּ): the Greek read the word as an office of the wedding. The Greek has named Ahuzzath with Abimelech and Phicol already at 21:22, 32, in pluses.
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The Greek states the content of the imprecation, μὴ ποιήσειν μεθ' ἡμῶν κακόν, "not to do bad with us," where the Masoretic version keeps the oath formula, "if you do bad with us—" (21), as at 21:23. It has οὐκ ἐβδελυξάμεθα, "we did not abhor," where the Masoretic version reads "we did not touch," and ἐχρήμεθά σοι καλῶς, "we used you beautifully," treated you well, where it reads "we did with you solely good"; the Greek has no word for "solely" (רַק), marked as a minus. καλῶς is the adverb of καλός "beautiful," as טוֹב "good" is the Masoretic version's word. The covenant is διαθησόμεθα, "we will dispose," future, where the Masoretic version reads "let us cut" (26:28), and the Greek has no word for "please" and none for the doubled "between us," marked as minuses there.
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Expected: "in peace" (KJV, RSV) / "in safety" (NETS)
Ruling 2
μετὰ σωτηρίας, "with salvation," where the Masoretic version reads "in peace" (בְּשָׁלוֹם), the word the Greek gave at 26:29, "with peace" (μετ' εἰρήνης). σωτηρία is the noun of σῴζω "save": being kept safe, rescue and survival as well as salvation in the full sense (Acts 27:34, "this is for your σωτηρία," of eating to survive the shipwreck; Luke 1:71, "salvation from our enemies"). Abimelech's men go away kept safe. The one word is held so that the Greek's chain is visible (Luke 1:69, 77; Rom 1:16), and the sense here is safety. The Greek has ἀναστάντες, "having risen," for "started early," and "a human to his neighbor" for "a man to his brother."
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Οὐχ εὕρομεν ὕδωρ, "We did not find water," where the Masoretic version reads "and said to him, 'We have found waters'": the Greek read לֹא, "not," where the Masoretic text has the like-sounding לוֹ, "to him." The same two words are confused in the Hebrew tradition itself, where the qere and ketiv differ between them (Exod 21:8; Isa 9:2; Ps 100:3). The Greek's well is dry, and the name that follows (26:33) is given to a well that yielded nothing.
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Swete prints ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ὅρκος, "he called its name Oath," and ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα τῇ πόλει, "he called the name of the city," where Rahlfs reads differently and the Masoretic version has "he called it Shibah" and "thus the name of the city is"; Swete's "name" and "he called" are marked as pluses. The Greek translates both names: Ὅρκος, "Oath," for Shibah (שִׁבְעָה), and Φρέαρ ὅρκου, "Well of Oath," for Beersheba, the name the Greek gave the place in Abraham's day (21:14, 31–33; 22:19, "the Well of the Oath"). ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας is "until the day of today," where the Masoretic version reads "until this day."
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Swete prints τοῦ Εὑαίου, "the Hivite," as Elon's people, where the Masoretic version reads "the Hittite" for both fathers. The Masoretic version itself names Esau's wives otherwise at 36:2–3, where Adah is "daughter of Elon the Hittite" and Oholibamah descends from "Zibeon the Hivite." A different people, printed as it sounds and marked (145f). Swete's Μασεμμάθ and Αἰλώμ, Basemath and Elon, are spellings, where Rahlfs spells otherwise; Ἰουδίν is Judith.
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Ruling 52
ἦσαν ἐρίζουσαι, "they were striving," where the Masoretic version reads "they were a bitterness of spirit" (מֹרַת רוּחַ): the Greek makes the wives quarrel with Isaac and Rebekah, where the Hebrew makes them a grief to them. ἐρίζω, "strive," is the verb of Matt 12:19 (Isa 42:2), "he will not strive nor cry out."
Tables
Names in Gen 26 (18, 145f): the familiar English form is printed for the same person or place; the Greek translates the names of the wells and of Beersheba.
| Greek | Printed | Masoretic version |
|---|---|---|
| Ἀβραάμ | Abraham | Abraham |
| Ἰσαάκ | Isaac | Isaac |
| Ἀβιμέλεχ | Abimelech | Abimelech |
| Φυλιστιείμ | Philistines | Philistines |
| Γέραρα, Γέραρα (pl.) | Gerar | Gerar |
| Αἴγυπτος | Egypt | Egypt |
| Ῥεβέκκα | Rebekah | Rebekah |
| Ἀδικία | Injustice (26:20, translated) | Esek |
| Ἐχθρία | Enmity (26:21, translated) | Sitnah |
| Εὐρυχωρία | Broad Room (26:22, translated) | Rehoboth |
| τὸ φρέαρ τοῦ ὅρκου | the Well of the Oath (26:23) | Beersheba |
| Ὀχοζάθ | Ahuzzath | Ahuzzath |
| Φικόλ | Phicol | Phicol |
| Ὅρκος | Oath (26:33, translated) | Shibah |
| Φρέαρ ὅρκου | Well of Oath (26:33, translated) | Beersheba |
| Ἠσαύ | Esau | Esau |
| Ἰουδίν | Judith | Judith |
| Βεήρ | Beeri | Beeri |
| Χετταῖος | Hittite | Hittite |
| Μασεμμάθ | Basemath | Basemath |
| Αἰλώμ | Elon | Elon |
| Εὑαῖος | Hivite (26:34, a different name) | Hittite |
Words in this chapter (169)
| Word | Gloss | Instead of | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| πορεύομαι | go | go | |
| γίνομαι | come to be | let there be; be / come into being | "Let light come to be," "and it came to be thus," "evening came to be": the chapter's verb of making things happen, against the Masoretic version's הָיָה "be." John 1:3 "all things came to be through him." With εἰς of result (2:7) the preposition is not printed |
| Ἀβραάμ | Abraham | Abraham | The name from 17:5, in both versions; Ἀβράμ "Abram" before it. Matt 1:1; Rom 4; Gal 3; Heb 11 |
| βασιλεύς | king | king | |
| Φυλιστιιμ | Philistines | Philistim / Philistines | |
| χρόνος | chronos | time; season | |
| γῆ | land | earth | |
| Ἰσαάκ | Isaac | Isaac | Rom 9:7–10; Gal 4:28; Heb 11:17–20 |
| Ἀβιμέλεχ | Abimelech | Abimelech / Abimelech / Abimelech | |
| δέ | but (where it contrasts); now (where it opens a new circumstance or the next item of a list) | and; but; now | Never left out and never "and," which is καί (142g). Tagged only where it carries a ⸤connective⸥ mark, and then on every δέ of that verse |
| λιμός | famine | famine | Luke 15:14; Acts 11:28 |
| πρότερος | former; formerly (τὸ πρότερον) | at the beginning / at the first / formerly | Split by construction (20): the adverbial neuter is "formerly" (John 6:62; Gal 4:13) |
| Γέραρα | Gerar | Gerar | |
| λέγω | say | say | |
| ὁράω | see; be seen (passive) | see; appear | "Let the dry be seen" (1:9), the passive kept; the Masoretic version has the same |
| καταβαίνω | go down | come down / come down | The verb of descent from the sky (John 3:13; 6:38). Opposite ἀναβαίνω "go up" |
| κύριος | Lord | the LORD | κύριος for the Tetragrammaton prints "Lord" in regular type (63); small capitals belong to the Masoretic version. κύριος ὁ θεός is "the Lord God." In Gen 2 the Greek has the pair at vv. 4, 8, 15, 16, 18 and 22, and θεός alone where the Masoretic version reads ADONAI Elohim at vv. 5, 7, 9, 19 and 21 |
| Αἴγυπτος | Egypt | Egypt | |
| κατοικέω | dwell | dwell / dwell / dwell | One root with οἰκέω "dwell" (to be declared as a pair, 95); "settle" is κατοικίζω's |
| δίδωμι | give | give | |
| ἵστημι | stand; make stand (transitive) | establish / set up | Split by construction (20): intransitive "stand," transitive "make stand" ("I will make stand my covenant," 6:18; Rom 3:31 "we make the law stand") |
| ὀμνύω | swear | swear / swear / swear | "He swore by himself" (Heb 6:13); Matt 5:34–36. ὄμνυμι is the same verb under this id; one family with ὁρκίζω, ὁρκισμός, ὅρκος (147g) |
| παροικέω | sojourn | sojourn | Live as a resident alien (Luke 24:18; Heb 11:9 "he sojourned in the land of promise"). One root with πάροικος "sojourner" (15:13) |
| σπέρμα | seed | seed | Also offspring (Gal 3:16), which the one gloss keeps audible |
| πατήρ | father | father | |
| εἰμί | be | be | Kept apart from γίνομαι "come to be" |
| πᾶς | all; every | all; every | |
| εὐλογέω | bless | — | |
| ὅρκος | oath | oath / oath / oath | Matt 5:33; Heb 6:16–17. In "the Well of the Oath" (φρέαρ τοῦ ὅρκου), the Greek's name for Beersheba (21:14, 32–33; 22:19) |
| ἐνευλογέω | bless in | be blessed in | Only in the promise to Abraham: 12:3 (Rahlfs); 18:18; Gal 3:8; Acts 3:25. The compound of εὐλογέω "bless," with its "in" |
| οὐρανός | sky, skies | heaven | |
| ἀστήρ | star | star | |
| πληθύνω | multiply | multiply | Acts 6:7; 7:17 |
| ἔθνος | nation | nation, Gentiles / nation | A people (Matt 24:7); the plural "the nations" is the KJV's "Gentiles" (Matt 28:19; Rom 15:9–12). The one gloss keeps the two together |
| νόμιμος | statute (τὰ νόμιμα) | laws / laws / statutes | What the law (νόμος) lays down; the Greek's word for the Masoretic version's חֻקּוֹת "statutes" (Lev 18:3, 26) |
| ἐντολή | commandment | commandments / commandments / commandments | Matt 22:36–40; John 13:34; 14:15. One root with ἐντέλλομαι "command" (95, to be declared) |
| ἐμός | my; mine (predicate) | my / my / my | The possessive adjective, emphatic beside μου: "my food" (John 4:34); predicate "mine" (John 16:15). σός "yours" is its partner |
| πρόσταγμα | ordinance | the thing / the thing / ordinance | An order laid down; the Septuagint's word for חֹק (Gen 26:5) |
| ὑπακούω | obey | hearkened / hearkened / obeyed | Rom 6:16–17; Eph 6:1; 1 Pet 3:6, "Sarah obeyed Abraham." Kept apart from ἀκούω "hear" |
| φωνή | voice | voice | |
| δικαίωμα | just requirement | statutes / statutes / statutes | What justice requires or has decreed, of the root of δίκαιος "just": Luke 1:6; Rom 1:32; 2:26; 8:4 "the just requirement of the law"; a just deed (Rom 5:18; Rev 15:4; 19:8), where the collocation decides |
| φυλάσσω | guard | keep | "Keep" is left free for τηρέω |
| Ῥεβέκκα | Rebekah | Rebekah / Rebekah / Rebekka | Rom 9:10 |
| ἀποκτείνω | kill | slay / kill | |
| ἀδελφή | sister | sister | |
| ἀνήρ | man | husband; wife | |
| ἐπερωτάω | question | — / — / ask | Mark 12:34 "no one dared question him"; Matt 16:1. "Ask" is ἐρωτάω's |
| τόπος | place | place | |
| ὡραῖος | lovely | pleasant / beautiful | In season and in its prime, of ὥρα "hour" (Matt 23:27; Acts 3:2 "the gate called Lovely"; Rom 10:15). "Beautiful" is καλός's |
| ὄψις | appearance | to look upon / to look upon / in appearance | John 7:24 "do not judge by appearance"; John 11:44; Rev 1:16. "Sight" is ὅρασις's |
| γυνή | woman | husband; wife | |
| φοβέω | fear | be afraid / fear | Passive in form, "I feared" (3:10) |
| ποτέ | ever; perhaps (μή ποτε) | peradventure / perhaps / perhaps | Split by construction: μή ποτε is "perhaps" with a fear or doubt (24:5, 39), "lest" with a purpose (3:22) |
| παίζω | play | mocking / playing / playing | "The people sat down to eat and drink and rose up to play" (Exod 32:6; 1 Cor 10:7). At 21:9 for the Masoretic version's "laughing" (126a) |
| παρακύπτω | peer | looked out / looked out / peered | To bend and look: John 20:5, 11 "having peered into the tomb"; Jas 1:25; 1 Pet 1:12 "things into which messengers long to peer" |
| θυρίς | window | window | Acts 20:9; 2 Cor 11:33 |
| πολυχρόνιος | long-abiding | had been there a long time / had been there a long time / spent a long time | Of long time, χρόνος; for the Masoretic version's "the days had been long" (26:8) |
| ἀποθνῄσκω | die | die | |
| γε | even | — / — / indeed | An enclitic particle of emphasis (Luke 11:8; Rom 8:32). "Indeed" is δή's |
| καλέω | call | call | With two accusatives, "called the light Day," the Greek has no "to" (contrast the Masoretic version's קָרָא לְ) |
| γένος | kind | kind / kind | "After kind," κατὰ γένος, the sorting formula of Gen 1. Elsewhere race and offspring (Acts 17:28; 1 Pet 2:9), where the collocation decides (37); "kind" is the home gloss |
| ἐπάγω | bring on | bring | Bring a thing upon someone (Acts 5:28; 2 Pet 2:1, 5, "having brought on a flood upon the kosmos of the ungodly"). "Bear upon" is ἐπιφέρω's |
| ποιέω | make / do | make, create / do | Split by construction, as עָשָׂה (20): "make" with a thing made, "do" with a deed or work done (2:2). In Gen 1 it also stands for בָּרָא, so the Greek has no separate "create" |
| ἄγνοια | ignorance | guiltiness / guilt / ignorance | A sin done unknowing (Lev 5:18 LXX; Acts 3:17; 17:30; Eph 4:18). One root with ἀγνοέω "be ignorant" (to be declared, 95) |
| μικρός | small | small / small / small | "From small to great" (Acts 8:10; Heb 8:11); Matt 18:6, 10 |
| κοιμάομαι | fall asleep | raise; resurrection; die | |
| ἔνοχος | liable | put to death / put to death / liable | Held, answerable: "liable of death" (26:11; Matt 26:66; Mark 14:64); "liable to judgment" (Matt 5:21–22) |
| θάνατος | death | death | |
| ἅπτομαι | touch | touch | |
| ἄνθρωπος | human | man | Core table (11) |
| συντάσσω | direct | command / charge / give orders | Arrange, give directions: Matt 21:6; 26:19; 27:10. "Command" is ἐντέλλομαι's |
| λαός | people | people | |
| ἑκατοστεύω | bear a hundredfold | — / — / yielding a hundredfold | Of ἑκατόν "hundred": to yield a hundred times what was sown |
| ἐνιαυτός | twelvemonth | year | The round of a year; ἔτος takes "year" (142) |
| σπείρω | sow | yield / sow | The sower's verb (Matt 13:3) |
| κριθή | barley | — / — / barley | Rev 6:6 "three measures of barley." At 26:12 for the Masoretic version's "measures" |
| εὑρίσκω | find | find | |
| ὑψόω | exalt | lift up / rise high | Make high: of the water and the chest (7:17, 20, 24), of the son of the human lifted on the cross (John 3:14; 12:32), of the lowly (Luke 1:52; 14:11). "Lift up" is ἐπαίρω's |
| προβαίνω | go forward | well stricken / advanced / advanced | Go on (Matt 4:21); with days, "advanced in age": Luke 1:7, 18 and 2:36 echo 18:11 |
| σφόδρα | very | greatly / exceedingly | Matt 2:10; 17:6. "Exceedingly" is λίαν's |
| μέγας | great | great | |
| γεώργιον | tillage | store of servants / great household / farming | Tilled land, its work and yield: "you are God's tillage" (1 Cor 3:9) |
| πρόβατον | sheep | flock / sheep | Where the Masoretic version reads "flock" (צֹאן) |
| κτῆνος | cattle | beast / cattle | In the old English sense: livestock of every kind, the animals a household owns (134h, 135p for the sense); Luke 10:34; 1 Cor 15:39 |
| πολύς | many; much | many / numerous | "Many" with a count, "much" with a mass (Matt 13:5; John 3:23) |
| βοῦς | ox | herds / oxen | Luke 13:15; 1 Cor 9:9. "Calf" is μόσχος's |
| ζηλόω | be jealous of | envied / envied / envied | Of ζῆλος "zeal, jealousy": Acts 7:9, the patriarchs "being jealous of Joseph"; 1 Cor 13:4; 2 Cor 11:2 |
| φρέαρ | well | slimepits / bitumen pits | A dug well or shaft (John 4:11–12; Rev 9:1–2 "the shaft of the abyss," where the collocation decides). Shares its English with εὖ "well" (12:13, 16), a different word (145g) |
| πίμπλημι | fill full | fill | Of the land filled with injustice (6:11, 13), of persons filled with spirit (Luke 1:15, 41), of days fulfilled (Luke 1:23). "Fill" is πληρόω's |
| παῖς | servant; girl (ἡ παῖς, feminine) | servant; damsel / servant; maiden / servant; girl | Split by construction (147f): the feminine ἡ παῖς is "girl," a daughter of the house (24:28, 57; Luke 8:51, 54); "servant" elsewhere (77) |
| ἐμφράσσω | stop up | stopped / stopped / stopped up | Of wells (26:15, 18); φράσσω "stop" (Rom 3:19 "that every mouth may be stopped") |
| ὀρύσσω | dig | digged / dug / dug | Matt 21:33; 25:18 |
| δυνατός | powerful | mightier / mightier / more powerful | Of the root of δύναμις "power" (95, to be declared): Luke 1:49 "the powerful one has done great things for me"; the neuter "possible" (Matt 19:26) is a split by construction when reached |
| ἀπέρχομαι | go away | return / depart | 3:19, where the Masoretic version reads "return" |
| φάραγξ | ravine | vale / valley | Luke 3:5 "every ravine shall be filled." "Valley" is κοιλάς's |
| καταλύω | lodge (intransitive); throw down (transitive) | tarry / spend the night / lodge | Split by construction (20): "lodge," of travellers unharnessing for the night (Luke 9:12; 19:7); with an object, "throw down" (Matt 5:17; 24:2; 26:61) |
| ἐκεῖθεν | from there | from thence | |
| πάλιν | again | again | |
| ὀνομάζω | name (v.) | called / called / named | Eph 1:21 "every name that is named"; Rom 15:20. With ἐπονομάζω and ὄνομα, one root (95, to be declared) |
| ἐπονομάζω | name (v.) | call / name | "Named the city after the name of his son" (4:17); "named his name" (4:25–26; 5:2–3, 29); Rom 2:17. One root with ὄνομα "name" |
| ὕδωρ | water (sg.); waters (pl.) | the waters | The Greek number is printed: singular "the water" (1:2, 6, 7, 9), plural "the waters" (1:10, 20–22). The Masoretic version has the plural מַיִם throughout |
| ὄνομα | name | name | |
| ζάω | live; living (participle) | living | "Living soul" (1:20, 24; 2:7) |
| ἀδικέω | wrong | my wrong be upon thee / may the wrong done to me be on you / I am wronged by you | Do wrong, injure; passive "be wronged" (1 Cor 6:7–8; Acts 7:24). Of the root of ἀδικία "injustice" |
| ποιμήν | shepherd | keeper / shepherd | John 10:11 |
| φάσκω | claim | saying / saying / claiming | To assert: Acts 24:9; 25:19 "whom Paul claimed to be alive"; Rom 1:22 "claiming to be wise" |
| ἀδικία | injustice | violence / iniquity | The opposite of δικαιοσύνη "justice" and δίκαιος "just," whose root it keeps (Rom 1:18; 1 John 1:9). In 6:11, 13 it stands for the Masoretic version's חָמָס "violence" |
| μάχομαι | fight | strove / quarreled / quarreled | John 6:52; 2 Tim 2:24 "a slave of the Lord must not fight." One root with μάχη "fight" (95, to be declared) |
| ἀπαίρω | set out | journey / set out | Lift off and go, of a camp (12:9; 13:11); in the passive "be taken away," of the bridegroom (Matt 9:15; Mark 2:20) |
| ἕτερος | different; other (the next of a count or series) | another / other | "Different," of another kind (4:25; Gal 1:6–7, "a different gospel, which is not another"); "other" only where it is the next of a count or series, "seven other days" (8:10, 12), "the other twelvemonth" (17:21). ἄλλος is "another" (146c) |
| κρίνω | judge | judge | Of the root of κρίσις "judgment" |
| ἐχθρία | enmity | Sitnah / Sitnah / Enmity | Another spelling of ἔχθρα "enmity" (3:15; Rom 8:7), one word (88, to be declared); the name of the well at 26:21 |
| αὐξάνω | grow | be fruitful / increase | Of plants and of people (Matt 6:28; Acts 6:7). The Masoretic version's "bear fruit" (פָּרָה) is lost with the link to the fruit of 1:11 |
| νῦν | now | now | |
| εὐρυχωρία | broad room | Rehoboth / Rehoboth / Broad Space | Wide space (εὐρύς "broad," χώρα "room"); the name of the well at 26:22 |
| διότι | because | for / because | |
| πλατύνω | broaden | enlarge | Make broad (Matt 23:5; 2 Cor 6:11, 13). One root with πλάτος "breadth." The Hebrew's pun on Japheth's name (יַפְתְּ … יֶפֶת) is not in the Greek |
| ἀναβαίνω | go up | go up | |
| νύξ | night | night | |
| θεός | God | God | Capitalised for the God of Israel (9); the Masoretic version's "Elohim" does not carry over. Lowercase "god, gods" where the Greek speaks of other gods |
| πήγνυμι | pitch | pitched / pitched / pitched | Of a tent: Heb 8:2 "the true tent, which the Lord pitched, not a human" |
| θυσιαστήριον | altar | altar | The altar of sacrifice (θυσία; Matt 5:23–24; Heb 13:10). The pagan βωμός (Acts 17:23) takes its own gloss when reached |
| ἐπικαλέω | call on | call upon | Middle, "call on the name" (4:26; Acts 2:21; Rom 10:13) |
| σκηνή | tent | tent | |
| οἰκοδομέω | build | make / build | |
| δύναμις | power | host / army / force | Power, might (Rom 1:16); a body of armed power, "the powers of the skies" (Matt 24:29), and the LXX's word for the Masoretic version's "armies" (צָבָא); the plural also of mighty works (Matt 11:20), "powers" |
| Ὀχοζάθ | Ahuzzath | — / — / Ochozath | The friend of Abimelech named at 26:26, in the Greek's pluses at 21:22, 32 |
| ἀρχιστράτηγος | commander-in-chief | chief captain / commander / commander-in-chief | The chief of an army (Josh 5:14 "commander-in-chief of the power of the Lord") |
| νυμφαγωγός | groomsman | — / — / groomsman | The one who leads the bride to the groom's house (21:22, 32; 26:26) |
| Φικόλ | Phicol | Phichol / Phicol / Phikol | |
| μισέω | hate | hate / hate / hate | Matt 5:43–44; John 15:18 |
| ἀποστέλλω | send | send forth | The verb of the apostle, the one sent (Matt 10:5, 16; John 20:21). "Send out" is ἐξαποστέλλω's |
| ἔρχομαι | come | come | |
| διατίθημι | dispose | make / establish / establish | Dispose, arrange, settle by will: the verb of διαθήκη "covenant" (Luke 22:29; Heb 8:10; 9:16–17; 10:16). See 9:17 |
| ἀρά | imprecation | oath / oath / curse | Rom 3:14 "whose mouth is full of imprecation and bitterness" (Ps 13:3 LXX). "Curse" stays with καταράομαι (144i) |
| διαθήκη | covenant | covenant | A disposition, a settlement laid down by one party; also a will (Heb 9:16–17), where the collocation decides (3) |
| μέσος | middle | midst | ἐν μέσῳ "in the middle" (1:6; 2:9); with ἀνά, "between" |
| ἀνά | between (in ἀνὰ μέσον); apiece | between / between | Split by construction: ἀνὰ μέσον, tagged with μέσος, is "between" (1:4, 6, 7, 14, 18; Matt 13:25; 1 Cor 6:5); distributive ἀνά is "apiece" (Matt 20:9–10; John 2:6) |
| βδελύσσω | abhor | touched / touched / abhorred | To loathe as an abomination (βδέλυγμα, Matt 24:15): Rom 2:22 "you who abhor idols"; Rev 21:8 |
| κακός | bad | evil / disaster / bad things | Of the root of κακία "badness" (Matt 6:34) and κακόω "maltreat." "Evil" is πονηρός's |
| καθότι | according as | — / — / just as | Luke 1:7; Acts 2:24, 45; 4:35. "Inasmuch as" is ἐπειδή's |
| εὐλογητός | blessed | blessed | "Blessed is the Lord God of Israel" (Luke 1:68; Eph 1:3), the verbless formula (125l). One root with εὐλογέω "bless" (to be declared as a pair, 95). "Happy" is μακάριος's |
| ἐξαποστέλλω | send out | send forth / send out | Luke 1:53; Gal 4:4, 6 |
| τρόπος | manner | as / as / as | ὃν τρόπον "in the manner that": Matt 23:37; Acts 1:11 "in the manner you saw him go" |
| εἰρήνη | peace | peace | |
| καλῶς | beautifully | good / good / well | The adverb of καλός "beautiful" (52): Mark 7:37 "he has done all things beautifully"; John 13:13. "Well" is εὖ's (145g) |
| ἐσθίω | eat | eat | |
| δοχή | reception | feast / feast / reception | A banquet for guests received: "Levi made a great reception for him" (Luke 5:29; 14:13). Of the root of δέχομαι "receive" |
| πίνω | drink | drink | |
| πλησίον | neighbor | neighbour / neighbor | "You shall love your neighbor as yourself" (Lev 19:18; Matt 22:39; Luke 10:29, 36) |
| ἀνίστημι | rise | rise up | "Rise" (Mark 1:35; 1 Thess 4:16), left free for it (G393); "wake" is ἐγείρω's |
| πρωΐ | morning | morning | An adverb, "early," used as a noun of the day's start |
| ἀποίχομαι | make off | depart / go | Be gone away (14:12). "Go off" is οἴχομαι's, "go away" ἀπέρχομαι's |
| σωτηρία | salvation | peace / peace / safety | The noun of σῴζω "save": being kept safe, rescue, survival and salvation as one word (Luke 1:69, 71, 77; Acts 27:34; Rom 1:16). At 26:31 "with salvation," safely, for the Masoretic version's "in peace" |
| παραγίνομαι | come up | come | Arrive, present oneself (Matt 3:1; Luke 14:21). "Arrive" is ἥκω's |
| ἀπαγγέλλω | report | tell | Bring word back, report (Matt 28:8, 11; 1 John 1:2–3). "Announce" is ἀναγγέλλω's |
| ἡμέρα | day | day | |
| πόλις | city | city | |
| σήμερον | today | this day / today | |
| Χετταῖος | Hittite | Heth / Hittite | The people; at 10:15 for the Masoretic version's ancestor Heth |
| λαμβάνω | take | take | |
| ἔτος | year | year | "Twelvemonth" belongs to ἐνιαυτός (142d) |
| Βεήρ | Beeri | Beeri / Beeri / Beer | |
| θυγάτηρ | daughter | daughter | |
| τεσσεράκοντα | forty | forty | |
| Ἠσαύ | Esau | Esau / Esau / Esau | Rom 9:13; Heb 11:20; 12:16 |
| Ἰουδίν | Judith | Judith / Judith / Ioudin | |
| Εὑαῖος | Hivite | Hivite | |
| ἐρίζω | strive | grief of mind / made life bitter / contentious | Of ἔρις "strife": Matt 12:19 (Isa 42:2) "he will not strive" |