Genesis 10

Notes

1. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52

   The names of the table are printed in their familiar English forms where the Greek spells the name the Masoretic version reads, however the spelling differs (Γάμερ Gomer, Ἰωυάν Javan, Θειράς Tiras, Χάλαχ Calah); where the Greek has a different name it is printed as it sounds and marked (10:4 Rhodians, 10:6 Mizraim, 10:7 Seba, 10:15 the Hittite, 10:23 Meshech). Every Greek form is in the table below. The Greek adds Elishah (⸢⸣) to the sons of Japheth; he is a son of Javan in 10:4 in both versions.

2. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52

   Ῥόδιοι, "Rhodians," the people of the island of Rhodes, where the Masoretic version reads "Dodanim" (דֹּדָנִים). The Greek reads the name with ר for ד, as 1 Chr 1:7 has it in the Hebrew (רוֹדָנִים), and identifies the people with the Rhodians of its own world, as it identifies כּוּשׁ with Ethiopia at 2:13. Κήτιοι, "Kittim," the people of Kition in Cyprus, is the same name as the Masoretic version's.

3. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52, 115, 145

   Μεσράιν is the Hebrew name מִצְרַיִם written in Greek letters, printed in its familiar English form "Mizraim" (KJV). The Masoretic version prints "Egypt," because a son whose name is a land prints as the land (115b). The Greek does not: everywhere else it calls Egypt Αἴγυπτος (12:10 onward), and only in the table (10:6, 13) does it keep the Hebrew name. So also 10:13. The form has no lemma id in the packet and is untagged.

4. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52

   Σαβά, "Seba," twice in the verse, where the Masoretic version reads "Seba" (סְבָא) for the son of Cush and "Sheba" (שְׁבָא) for the son of Raamah. The Greek has one name for both. Joktan's son Sheba (10:28) is Σαβεῦ.

5. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 52, 138

   γίγας κυνηγὸς ἐναντίον κυρίου, "a giant hunter before the Lord," where the Masoretic version reads "a mighty one of game in the face of ADONAI." The Greek's γίγας is its word for the Nephilim and the mighty ones of 6:4, so Nimrod is set among the giants of the flood story, and κυνηγός names the hunter, not the game. ἐναντίον can also mean "against": Augustine read the verse as "a giant hunter against the Lord" (City of God 16.4), and made Nimrod the builder of the tower. The Greek also adds "God" to the first "Lord" (⸢⸣) and has "they shall say" for the Masoretic version's "it is said."

6. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 53, 138

   Swete's text, from Alexandrinus, names Νεφθαλιείμ second, where the Masoretic version and Rahlfs' text have Naphtuhim last; the order is set ⸤⸥{order}. The Greek forms of all four names end in -ιείμ, and Νεφθαλιείμ sounds like Naphtali; it is printed in the familiar form of the Masoretic version's name (18).

7. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52

   τὸν Χετταῖον, "the Hittite," the people, where the Masoretic version reads "Heth," the ancestor (חֵת); the Greek makes him the first of the list of peoples that follows.

8. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 54, 143

   The alignment seeds the opening καί, "And," as a plus against 10:22. The Masoretic version's 10:23 also opens with "And" (וּבְנֵי), so the Greek's καί answers it and nothing is added.

9. Reading↩ Back to the text

   Rulings 18, 52

   Μόσοχ, "Meshech," the name of Japheth's son in 10:2, where the Masoretic version reads "Mash" (מַשׁ) for Aram's son. 1 Chr 1:17 reads מֶשֶׁךְ in the Hebrew too.

10. Reading↩ Back to the text

    Rulings 18, 54

    The Greek adds a generation: Arpachshad begot Kenan, and Kenan begot Shelah, where the Masoretic version reads "And Arpachshad bore Shelah." The plus is seeded and adopted as one span. Swete's text spells him Καϊνάμ here and Καϊνάν at 11:12–13, where his years are given; he bears the name of Enosh's son (5:9–14), whose familiar form "Kenan" is printed for both, as "Methuselah" is printed for the two who share that name (4:18; 5:21). Luke's genealogy has him from the Greek: "of Shelah, of Kainan, of Arphaxad, of Shem" (Luke 3:35–36). The Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and 1 Chr 1:18, 24 do not have him; Jubilees 8:1–5 does.

11. Reading↩ Back to the text

    Rulings 24, 52

    The Masoretic version's pun is not in the Greek: פֶּלֶג "Peleg," because the land was נִפְלְגָה "divided." The Greek has Φάλεκ and διεμερίσθη, "was divided up," which do not sound alike.