Genesis 7

reviewed Translated by Claude Opus under the WPB rules; gated and blind-read.

1 And Adonai said to Noah, "Come, you and all your house, into the box, for you I have seen just before my face in this generation 1. 2 From every pure 2 beast you shall take for yourself seven seven 3, a man and his woman 4; and from the beast that is not pure, two, a man and his woman; 3 also from the flyers of the skies, seven seven, male and female, to keep alive seed on the face of all the land. 4 For in seven days still, I am making rain on the land forty days and forty nights, and I will wipe every standing thing 5 that I made from on the face of the ground." 5 And Noah did according to all that Adonai commanded him. 6 And Noah was a son of six hundred years 6, and the flood was, waters on the land.

1 v. 1 The divine name changes with the sections, and each is printed as the source has it (9): Elohim in 6:9–22; Adonai in 7:1–5; Elohim in 7:9 and 7:16a; Adonai in 7:16b; Elohim in 8:1–19; Adonai in 8:20–22; Elohim in 9:1–17. 7:1–5… more

2 v. 2 טָהוֹר is "pure," as gold is pure (Exod 25:11, 17, 24). Of animals it names the class fit for the altar (8:20) and later for food (Lev 11; Deut 14). The distinction is drawn here before any law gives it, and Rashi infers that… more

3 v. 2 שִׁבְעָה שִׁבְעָה, the number doubled, is distributive, "by sevens," and is kept doubled (6), as "two two" in vv. 9, 15. Whether it means seven animals or seven pairs the Hebrew does not say. "A man and his woman" follows, which… more

4 v. 2 אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ, "a man and his woman," is the human phrase, used of animals only here in the flood story. Verse 3 and 6:19 use זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה "male and female," the words of 1:27. The core glosses hold, and the English keeps… more

5 v. 4 יְקוּם is from קוּם "stand": whatever stands, whatever exists. It occurs in 7:4, 23 and Deut 11:6, "every standing thing at their feet," swallowed with Dathan and Abiram. "Standing thing" keeps the root that Elohim's covenant… more

6 v. 6 "A son of six hundred years" is the Hebrew idiom of age (5:32; 11:10), kept with the core gloss "son." The WPRB has "600 years old." more

1 Then the LORD said to Noah, "Come into the ark, you and all your household, for I have seen that you are just before me in this generation. 2 Take with you every pure beast by sevens, a male and its mate. Of the beasts that are not pure, take two, a male and its mate. 3 Also take the flying creatures of the sky by sevens, male and female, to keep seed alive on the face of all the land. 4 For in seven more days I will send rain on the land for 40 days and 40 nights. I will wipe off the face of the ground every standing thing that I made." 5 Noah did everything the LORD commanded him. 6 Noah was 600 years old, and the flood came, waters on the land.

1 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ לְנֹ֔חַ בֹּֽא אַתָּ֥ה וְכָל בֵּיתְךָ֖ אֶל הַתֵּבָ֑ה כִּֽי אֹתְךָ֥ רָאִ֛יתִי צַדִּ֥יק לְפָנַ֖י בַּדּ֥וֹר הַזֶּֽה

2 מִכֹּ֣ל הַבְּהֵמָ֣ה הַטְּהוֹרָ֗ה תִּֽקַּח לְךָ֛ שִׁבְעָ֥ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשְׁתּ֑וֹ וּמִן הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹ֣א טְהֹרָ֥ה הִ֛וא שְׁנַ֖יִם אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשְׁתּֽוֹ

3 גַּ֣ם מֵע֧וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם שִׁבְעָ֥ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה זָכָ֣ר וּנְקֵבָ֑ה לְחַיּ֥וֹת זֶ֖רַע עַל פְּנֵ֥י כָל הָאָֽרֶץ

4 כִּי֩ לְיָמִ֨ים ע֜וֹד שִׁבְעָ֗ה אָֽנֹכִי֙ מַמְטִ֣יר עַל הָאָ֔רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָ֑יְלָה וּמָחִ֗יתִי אֶֽת כָּל הַיְקוּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתִי מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הָֽאֲדָמָֽה

5 וַיַּ֖עַשׂ נֹ֑חַ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּ֖הוּ יְהוָֽה

6 וְנֹ֕חַ בֶּן שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת שָׁנָ֑ה וְהַמַּבּ֣וּל הָיָ֔ה מַ֖יִם עַל הָאָֽרֶץ

7 And Noah came, and his sons and his woman and the women of his sons with him, into the box, from the face of the waters of the flood. 8 From the pure beast, and from the beast that is not pure, and from the flyers, and everything that creeps on the ground, 9 two two they came to Noah into the box, male and female, as Elohim commanded Noah. 10 And it was, at the seven of the days, and the waters of the flood were on the land. 11 In the year of six hundred years of the life of Noah, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month 7, on this day all the springs of vast Abyss were split, and the lattices 8 of the skies were opened. 12 And the downpour was on the land forty days and forty nights.

7 Noah went into the ark with his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives, to escape the waters of the flood. 8 Of the pure beasts and the beasts that are not pure, of the flying creatures, and of everything that creeps on the ground, 9 two by two they came to Noah into the ark, male and female, as God commanded Noah. 10 After the seven days, the waters of the flood were on the land. 11 In the 600th year of Noah's life, on the 17th day of the second month, on that day all the springs of the vast deep burst open, and the lattices of the sky were opened. 12 The downpour fell on the land for 40 days and 40 nights.

7 וַיָּ֣בֹא נֹ֗חַ וּ֠בָנָיו וְאִשְׁתּ֧וֹ וּנְשֵֽׁי בָנָ֛יו אִתּ֖וֹ אֶל הַתֵּבָ֑ה מִפְּנֵ֖י מֵ֥י הַמַּבּֽוּל

8 מִן הַבְּהֵמָה֙ הַטְּהוֹרָ֔ה וּמִן הַ֨בְּהֵמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵינֶ֖נָּה טְהֹרָ֑ה וּמִ֨ן הָע֔וֹף וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר רֹמֵ֖שׂ עַל הָֽאֲדָמָֽה

9 שְׁנַ֨יִם שְׁנַ֜יִם בָּ֧אוּ אֶל נֹ֛חַ אֶל הַתֵּבָ֖ה זָכָ֣ר וּנְקֵבָ֑ה כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת נֹֽחַ

10 וַֽיְהִ֖י לְשִׁבְעַ֣ת הַיָּמִ֑ים וּמֵ֣י הַמַּבּ֔וּל הָי֖וּ עַל הָאָֽרֶץ

11 בִּשְׁנַ֨ת שֵׁשׁ מֵא֤וֹת שָׁנָה֙ לְחַיֵּי נֹ֔חַ בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י בְּשִׁבְעָֽה עָשָׂ֥ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה נִבְקְעוּ֙ כָּֽל מַעְיְנֹת֙ תְּה֣וֹם רַבָּ֔ה וַאֲרֻבֹּ֥ת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם נִפְתָּֽחוּ

12 וַֽיְהִ֥י הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָֽיְלָה

13 On the bone of this day 9 Noah came, and Shem and Ham and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and the woman of Noah and the three women of his sons with them, into the box: 14 they, and every living thing to its kind, and every beast to its kind, and every creeper that creeps on the land to its kind, and every flyer to its kind, every bird of every wing. 15 And they came to Noah into the box, two two from all the flesh in which is a spirit of life. 16 And those coming, male and female from all flesh, came as Elohim commanded him; and Adonai shut about him10. 17 And the flood was forty days on the land; and the waters were many and lifted the box, and it was high from on the land. 18 And the waters were mighty 11 and were very many on the land, and the box went on the face of the waters.

13 On that very day Noah went into the ark, with his sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and with Noah's wife and the three wives of his sons. 14 They went in, and with them every kind of wild animal, every kind of beast, every kind of creeping thing that creeps on the land, and every kind of flying creature, every bird of every wing. 15 Two by two they came to Noah into the ark, from all flesh that has a spirit of life in it. 16 Those that went in were male and female from all flesh, as God had commanded him. Then the LORD shut him in. 17 The flood went on for 40 days on the land. The waters grew many and lifted the ark, and it rose high above the land. 18 The waters were mighty and grew very many on the land, and the ark went along on the face of the waters.

13 בְּעֶ֨צֶם הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ בָּ֣א נֹ֔חַ וְשֵׁם וְחָ֥ם וָיֶ֖פֶת בְּנֵי נֹ֑חַ וְאֵ֣שֶׁת נֹ֗חַ וּשְׁלֹ֧שֶׁת נְשֵֽׁי בָנָ֛יו אִתָּ֖ם אֶל הַתֵּבָֽה

14 הֵ֜מָּה וְכָל הַֽחַיָּ֣ה לְמִינָ֗הּ וְכָל הַבְּהֵמָה֙ לְמִינָ֔הּ וְכָל הָרֶ֛מֶשׂ הָרֹמֵ֥שׂ עַל הָאָ֖רֶץ לְמִינֵ֑הוּ וְכָל הָע֣וֹף לְמִינֵ֔הוּ כֹּ֖ל צִפּ֥וֹר כָּל כָּנָֽף

15 וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל נֹ֖חַ אֶל הַתֵּבָ֑ה שְׁנַ֤יִם שְׁנַ֨יִם֙ מִכָּל הַבָּשָׂ֔ר אֲשֶׁר בּ֖וֹ ר֥וּחַ חַיִּֽים

16 וְהַבָּאִ֗ים זָכָ֨ר וּנְקֵבָ֤ה מִכָּל בָּשָׂר֙ בָּ֔אוּ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה אֹת֖וֹ אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּסְגֹּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בַּֽעֲדֽוֹ

17 וַֽיְהִ֧י הַמַּבּ֛וּל אַרְבָּעִ֥ים י֖וֹם עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּרְבּ֣וּ הַמַּ֗יִם וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת הַתֵּבָ֔ה וַתָּ֖רָם מֵעַ֥ל הָאָֽרֶץ

18 וַיִּגְבְּר֥וּ הַמַּ֛יִם וַיִּרְבּ֥וּ מְאֹ֖ד עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ וַתֵּ֥לֶךְ הַתֵּבָ֖ה עַל פְּנֵ֥י הַמָּֽיִם

19 And the waters were very, very mighty on the land, and all the lofty mountains that are under all the skies were covered. 20 Fifteen cubits above the waters were mighty, and the mountains were covered. 21 And all flesh that creeps on the land expired, among the flyers and among the beast and among the living thing and among every swarm that swarms on the land, and all the human 12. 22 Everything that had the breath of a spirit of life 13 in its nostrils, of all that was on the parched 14, died. 23 And he wiped 15 every standing thing that was on the face of the ground, from human to 16 beast, to creeper and to the flyers of the skies; and they were wiped from the land; and there was left only Noah, and those with him in the box. 24 And the waters were mighty on the land fifty and a hundred days.

12 v. 21 כֹּל הָאָדָם with the article is the kind, "all the human." No woman distinct from the אָדָם stands in this verse or the next, so ruling 11 keeps "human." The list ends with the creature made last, as the sixth day did. more

13 v. 22 נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים, "the breath of a spirit of life," joins the breath that Adonai Elohim blew into the human's nostrils (2:7, נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים) to the spirit of life of all flesh (6:17; 7:15). Each word keeps its home gloss:… more

14 v. 22 חָרָבָה is parched ground: Israel crosses the sea "on the parched" (Exod 14:21) and the Jordan likewise (Josh 3:17). It is the noun of חָרֵב "be parched" (8:13). The dry land of 1:9–10 is another word, יַבָּשָׁה, kept "the dry."… more

15 v. 23 וַיִּמַח is an active verb with no subject expressed, "and he wiped." It carries out Adonai's "I will wipe" (6:7; 7:4), and the next clause turns to the passive, "and they were wiped." more

16 v. 23 עַד sets a limit in space, as in 6:7 (see the note there). "To" is printed; the home gloss "until" holds where the word is temporal. more

19 The waters were very, very mighty on the land, and all the lofty mountains under the whole sky were covered. 20 The waters were mighty fifteen cubits upward, and the mountains were covered. 21 All flesh that moved on the land breathed its last: flying creatures, beasts, wild animals, every swarm that swarms on the land, and every human. 22 Everything on the parched land that had the breath of a spirit of life in its nostrils died. 23 He wiped out every standing thing on the face of the ground: humans, beasts, creeping things, and the flying creatures of the sky. They were wiped off the land. Only Noah was left, and those with him in the ark. 24 The waters were mighty on the land for 150 days.

19 וְהַמַּ֗יִם גָּֽבְר֛וּ מְאֹ֥ד מְאֹ֖ד עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיְכֻסּ֗וּ כָּל הֶֽהָרִים֙ הַגְּבֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר תַּ֖חַת כָּל הַשָּׁמָֽיִם

20 חֲמֵ֨שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה אַמָּה֙ מִלְמַ֔עְלָה גָּבְר֖וּ הַמָּ֑יִם וַיְכֻסּ֖וּ הֶהָרִֽים

21 וַיִּגְוַ֞ע כָּל בָּשָׂ֣ר הָרֹמֵ֣שׂ עַל הָאָ֗רֶץ בָּע֤וֹף וּבַבְּהֵמָה֙ וּבַ֣חַיָּ֔ה וּבְכָל הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכֹ֖ל הָאָדָֽם

22 כֹּ֡ל אֲשֶׁר֩ נִשְׁמַת ר֨וּחַ חַיִּ֜ים בְּאַפָּ֗יו מִכֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֶּחָֽרָבָ֖ה מֵֽתוּ

23 וַיִּ֜מַח אֶֽת כָּל הַיְק֣וּם אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל פְּנֵ֣י הָֽאֲדָמָ֗ה מֵאָדָ֤ם עַד בְּהֵמָה֙ עַד רֶ֨מֶשׂ֙ וְעַד ע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיִּמָּח֖וּ מִן הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִשָּׁ֧אֶר אַךְ נֹ֛חַ וַֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ בַּתֵּבָֽה

24 וַיִּגְבְּר֥וּ הַמַּ֖יִם עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּמְאַ֖ת יֽוֹם

Notes

Reading↩ Back to the text
Rulings 9, 46
The divine name changes with the sections, and each is printed as the source has it (9): Elohim in 6:9–22; Adonai in 7:1–5; Elohim in 7:9 and 7:16a; Adonai in 7:16b; Elohim in 8:1–19; Adonai in 8:20–22; Elohim in 9:1–17. 7:1–5 retells 6:13–22 with differences: seven of every pure beast beside two of every kind, seven days' warning, forty days of rain. Source criticism assigns the Elohim passages to the Priestly writer and the Adonai passages to the Yahwist; Jean Astruc's Conjectures (1753) began from these chapters. The rabbis read the names as two measures: Elohim the measure of judgment, Adonai the measure of mercy (Gen. Rab. 33:3, at 8:1). Adonai calls Noah "just" here and not "whole" (6:9). Rashi, after b. Eruvin 18b, draws the rule that part of a person's praise is said to his face and all of it behind his back.
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "clean" (KJV, RSV)
Rulings 2, 39
טָהוֹר is "pure," as gold is pure (Exod 25:11, 17, 24). Of animals it names the class fit for the altar (8:20) and later for food (Lev 11; Deut 14). The distinction is drawn here before any law gives it, and Rashi infers that Noah already knew the Torah. "Clean" suggests washing; "pure" keeps the sense of nothing mixed in. The text says "not pure" and avoids the Torah's word for the opposite, טָמֵא; b. Pesachim 3a notes that it spends extra letters (vv. 2, 8) rather than use an unseemly word. The negation is kept.
Reading↩ Back to the text
Rulings 6, 91, 46
שִׁבְעָה שִׁבְעָה, the number doubled, is distributive, "by sevens," and is kept doubled (6), as "two two" in vv. 9, 15. Whether it means seven animals or seven pairs the Hebrew does not say. "A man and his woman" follows, which suggests pairs, and Rashi and the RSV ("seven pairs") take it so; the KJV has "by sevens." The WPRB keeps "by sevens."
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "the male and his female" (KJV) / "the male and his mate" (RSV)
Rulings 2, 6
אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ, "a man and his woman," is the human phrase, used of animals only here in the flood story. Verse 3 and 6:19 use זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה "male and female," the words of 1:27. The core glosses hold, and the English keeps the variation (6).
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "every living substance" (KJV) / "every living thing" (RSV)
Rulings 2, 95
יְקוּם is from קוּם "stand": whatever stands, whatever exists. It occurs in 7:4, 23 and Deut 11:6, "every standing thing at their feet," swallowed with Dathan and Abiram. "Standing thing" keeps the root that Elohim's covenant shares: he will "make stand" his covenant (6:18; 9:9, 11, 17) with what remains standing.
Reading↩ Back to the text
Ruling 91
"A son of six hundred years" is the Hebrew idiom of age (5:32; 11:10), kept with the core gloss "son." The WPRB has "600 years old."
Reading↩ Back to the text
Rulings 91, 46
The dates keep the Hebrew order (91). The flood's calendar runs from here (the second month, the seventeenth day of the six hundredth year) to 8:4 (the seventh month, the seventeenth day), 8:5 (the tenth month, on one), 8:13 (the six hundred and first year, the first month, on one) and 8:14 (the second month, the twenty-seventh day): a year and eleven days, which is a lunar year brought to a solar one. Which month was "the second" was disputed: b. Rosh Hashanah 11b has Rabbi Eliezer count from Tishri (the second month is Marheshvan) and Rabbi Joshua from Nisan (Iyyar).
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "the windows of heaven" (KJV) / "the windows of the heavens" (RSV)
Rulings 2, 39
אֲרֻבָּה is a lattice or grated opening: doves fly to their lattices (Isa 60:8), smoke goes out through the lattice (Hos 13:3). "Window" is kept for חַלּוֹן (8:6). In Gen 1 the skies are a hammered sheet with waters above it (1:6–8). Here its lattices open and the waters above come down, while the springs of Abyss below are split: the separation of the second day is undone. The phrase returns in 2 Kgs 7:2, 19 and Mal 3:10.
Reading↩ Back to the text
Ruling 39
בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, "on the bone of this day," is the idiom for "that very day" (17:23, 26; Exod 12:17, 41, 51; Lev 23:28–30), kept concrete (39). Rashi reads it as noon, in full view of a generation that had said it would stop him.
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "the LORD shut him in" (KJV, RSV)
Rulings 2, 9
בַּעֲדוֹ is "about him," around or behind him: Ehud "shut the doors of the upper room about him" (Judg 3:23); "have you not hedged about him?" (Job 1:10). The same preposition is "on behalf of" in prayer (20:7). "Shut about him" keeps the closed door and the protection; the English idiom "shut him in" goes to the WPRB. This verse alone in the flood story has both names: Elohim commands and Adonai shuts (see the note at v. 1).
Reading↩ Back to the text
Rulings 2, 37
The waters "were mighty" (גָּבַר, vv. 18, 19, 20, 24), the verb of the "mighty ones" of 6:4 (see the note there). The KJV and RSV have "prevailed."
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "every man" (KJV, RSV)
Rulings 11, 86
כֹּל הָאָדָם with the article is the kind, "all the human." No woman distinct from the אָדָם stands in this verse or the next, so ruling 11 keeps "human." The list ends with the creature made last, as the sixth day did.
Reading↩ Back to the text
Rulings 31, 26, 39
נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים, "the breath of a spirit of life," joins the breath that Adonai Elohim blew into the human's nostrils (2:7, נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים) to the spirit of life of all flesh (6:17; 7:15). Each word keeps its home gloss: נְשָׁמָה "breath," רוּחַ "spirit" (31). אַפַּיִם is the dual of אַף "nose," the nostrils of 2:7 (39).
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "the dry land" (KJV) / "dry land" (RSV)
Rulings 2, 95
חָרָבָה is parched ground: Israel crosses the sea "on the parched" (Exod 14:21) and the Jordan likewise (Josh 3:17). It is the noun of חָרֵב "be parched" (8:13). The dry land of 1:9–10 is another word, יַבָּשָׁה, kept "the dry." Those on the parched die, and those on the waters live.
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Ruling 74
וַיִּמַח is an active verb with no subject expressed, "and he wiped." It carries out Adonai's "I will wipe" (6:7; 7:4), and the next clause turns to the passive, "and they were wiped."
Decision↩ Back to the text
Expected: "both man, and cattle" (KJV) / "man and animals" (RSV)
Ruling 2
עַד sets a limit in space, as in 6:7 (see the note there). "To" is printed; the home gloss "until" holds where the word is temporal.

Words in this chapter (92)

Word	Gloss	Instead of	Note
בּוֹא	come (qal); bring (hiphil)	bring	Split by stem. "Bring out" is יָצָא hiphil, "bring up" עָלָה hiphil
אָמַר	say	say
דּוֹר	generation	generation	6:9; 7:1; "generations of age" (9:12)
תֵּבָה	box	ark	Only Gen 6–9 and Exod 2:3, 5, the papyrus box of Moses. "Ark" is left free for אֲרוֹן. WPRB "ark" (106)
פָּנִים	face	face	"On the face of" (1:2, 29; 2:6); לִפְנֵי "before" keeps "face" where English allows
צַדִּיק	just	righteousness; righteous
רָאָה	see	see	"Gaze" is kept for חָזָה (Dan 7, Isa 1:1)
נֹחַ	Noah	Noah	Sounds like נוּחַ "rest"; explained by נחם "comfort" (5:29). Names table
בַּיִת	house; within (מִבַּיִת)	house / within	Split by construction (20): "house" and household (7:1); מִבַּיִת "from within" (6:14; Exod 25:11)
שְׁנַיִם	two	two
בְּהֵמָה	beast	cattle	Domestic and large animals as a class (Exod 9:9–10; Lev 11:2); "cattle" is kept for בָּקָר, "sheep" for צֹאן
טָהוֹר	pure	clean	Pure gold (Exod 25:11); animals fit for the altar (7:2, 8; 8:20). See the note at 7:2
אִשָּׁה	woman	husband; wife
לָקַח	take	take	The verb of 2:21–23 ("taken from the man," "from Man this one was taken") and 3:19, 23 ("from it you were taken"); 5:24, "Elohim took him"
שֶׁבַע	seven	seven
אִישׁ	man	husband; wife
עוֹף	flyers	fowl, birds / fly	Collective; includes winged insects (Lev 11:20–23), so "birds" narrows it. Plural in English for the collective ("the flyers of the skies")
חָיָה	live (qal); keep alive (piel, hiphil)	live	The same verb as H2425 "live," which Strong's files apart for some qal forms (5:5 אֲשֶׁר חַי); one gloss for both. "And Adam lived" (5:3) is this id. Kept apart from חַי "living; living thing"
זָכָר	male	male / female
זֶרַע	seed	yield seed / seed	Cognate pair kept ("seeding seed"); the noun is also offspring (3:15; 22:18), which the one gloss keeps audible
שָׁמַיִם	sky, skies	heaven
אֶרֶץ	land	earth
נְקֵבָה	female	male / female
מָחָה	wipe	destroy / blot out	To wipe clean, as a dish (2 Kgs 21:13); to wipe a name from a scroll (Exod 32:32–33)
אַרְבָּעִים	forty	forty	Written in the Hebrew order of its number (see the note at 5:3)
לַיְלָה	night	day / night
אֲדָמָה	ground	earth	Kept apart from אֶרֶץ "land" (v. 1) and עָפָר "dust" (2:7); the word the human (אָדָם) is shaped from and named for (2:7; 3:19)
מָטַר	rain (v.)	cause to rain	Hiphil "make rain": water (7:4), fire and sulfur (19:24), bread (Exod 16:4). The nouns מָטָר and גֶּשֶׁם are to be fixed as a set where they meet (7:12)
עָשָׂה	make / do	make / do	Split by construction: "make" with an object made, "do" with an act or "thus." Declared in the guide §3.4
יְקוּם	standing thing	living substance / living thing	From קוּם "stand" (7:4, 23; Deut 11:6).
עוֹד	again; still	again
יוֹם	day	day / night
צָוָה	command (piel)	command	The verb of מִצְוָה; 3:11, 17 "which I commanded you"
מַבּוּל	flood	flood	Only of Noah's flood and Ps 29:10 ("Adonai sat enthroned at the flood"). Held as one word through 6–9
מַיִם	waters	waters / water	Hebrew plural kept; the LXX version has the singular ὕδωρ
שֵׁשׁ	six	six	In the Hebrew order of its number (91)
הָיָה	be; become (with לְ)	be	"Let light be," "and it was thus"; the LXX version has γίνομαι "come to be". With לְ of the result, "become" by construction: "became a living soul" (2:7), "become a flood" (9:15)
בֵּן	son	son / children	Wave lexicon. The plural is also children of both sexes; the gloss is held, and "sons and daughters" (5:4) are named apart. See the note at 3:16
שָׁנָה	year	year
מֵאָה	hundred	hundred	Singular "a hundred," plural forms "hundred" (eight hundred). Written in the Hebrew order of its number (see the note at 5:3)
רָמַשׂ	creep	creep, move / creeping thing	Cognate pair; everything that moves low on the ground or in the water (Ps 104:25)
אַיִן	there is none; is not	not	The negative of existence, carried as a clause ("human there was none")
אֱלֹהִים	Elohim (singular agreement); elohim (plural or none)	God	Transliterated; capital by agreement, not by referent (Ps 82:1, 6; Exod 21:6). The gate checks agreement on every occurrence
חַי	living; living thing; life (the plural חַיִּים, 26)	living; beast	חַיָּה as a noun is the wild animal (v. 24–25, 28, 30; Gen 7:14; Lev 11:2); as an adjective with נֶפֶשׁ it is "living soul" (v. 20, 21, 24, 30; 2:7). "Beast" is kept for בְּהֵמָה
שֵׁנִי	second	second
רַב	vast	great / much	Adjective of the root of רָבָה "be many." "Great" is גָּדוֹל's. "Vast was the badness" (6:5); "the vast Abyss" (7:11; Isa 51:10; Amos 7:4)
עָשָׂר	-teen (in 11–19)	-teen	Only in compound numbers 11–19; printed as the English teen numeral ("twelve," "fifteen," 5:8, 10). See the note at 5:3
אֲרֻבָּה	lattice	window	A grated opening (Isa 60:8; Hos 13:3); "the lattices of the skies" (7:11; 8:2; 2 Kgs 7:2; Mal 3:10). "Window" is חַלּוֹן's
פָּתַח	open	open	The lattices (7:11), the window (8:6); root of פֶּתַח "doorway." Shares "open" with פָּקַח (H6491), which takes only eyes and ears: split by object (105b)
חֹדֶשׁ	month	month	Also the new moon (1 Sam 20:5); the root is "new"
בָּקַע	split	break up	Wood (22:3), the sea (Exod 14:16), the springs of Abyss (7:11)
תְּהוֹם	Abyss (sg.); abysses (pl.)	the deep	See
מַעְיָן	spring	fountain	The springs of Abyss (7:11; 8:2)
גֶּשֶׁם	downpour	rain	Heavy rain (7:12; 8:2; 1 Kgs 18:41, 45). Set with מָטַר "rain (v.)" and מָטָר "rain (n.)" (44): "rain" belongs to that root
חָם	Ham	Ham	Names table
שֵׁם	Shem	Shem	The noun שֵׁם "name" (H8034) as a name. Names table
יֶפֶת	Japheth	Japheth	The pun of 9:27. Names table
עֶצֶם	bone	bone	Also the self: בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה "on the bone of this day," the very day (7:13; 17:23); "bone and flesh" is kinship (29:14; Judg 9:2; 2 Sam 5:1)
שָׁלוֹשׁ	three	three
מִין	kind	kind	Only in Genesis, Leviticus 11, Deuteronomy 14 and Ezek 47:10: a priestly sorting word
רֶמֶשׂ	creeper	creep, move / creeping thing	Cognate pair; everything that moves low on the ground or in the water (Ps 104:25)
צִפּוֹר	bird	bird	"Every bird of every wing" (7:14). "Flyers" is עוֹף's, which is wider (Lev 11:20)
כָּנָף	wing	wing	Also a garment's corner (Deut 22:12; Ruth 3:9)
בָּשָׂר	flesh	flesh	The body's substance, and with "bone" kinship (v. 23; 29:14); "one flesh" (v. 24).
רוּחַ	wind / spirit	wind / Spirit	Split (31): "wind" for weather and the directions of the sky; "spirit" when a person or Elohim possesses it; cruxes under ruling 1 (here, v. 2)
סָגַר	shut	close	"And Adonai shut him in" (7:16); Jericho "shut up" (Josh 6:1). WPRB "closed up"
בַּעַד	about (around, behind); on behalf of	for / in	Split by construction (20): spatial with "shut" (7:16; Judg 3:23); "on behalf of" with prayer (20:7)
נָשָׂא	lift	bear	To lift and to carry. "Lift the face" is to accept (32:21); "lift iniquity" is to forgive (Exod 34:7) or to bear it (Lev 5:1); "lift the voice" (21:16). One gloss holds carrying and taking away. "Bear" is יָלַד's
רוּם	be high (qal)	be lifted up	"High and lifted up" (Isa 6:1). The run lexicon's seed "thrones were thrown" belongs to Aramaic רְמָה (Dan 7:9); departed from, see the report
רָבָה	be many	be fruitful / multiply	פָּרָה is the verb of פְּרִי "fruit" (v. 11–12, 29), so the blessing on the creatures uses the plants' word. רָבָה is to be or become many (Gen 6:1; Exod 1:7, 10), the verb of Israel's growth in Egypt; "multiply" turns a state into an act
מְאֹד	very; very much	very / exceedingly	"Very good" (1:31)
יָלַךְ	go	go	The forms Strong's files apart from הָלַךְ (H1980): one verb, so it takes הָלַךְ's qal gloss
גָּבַר	be mighty	prevail	The waters (7:18–24); root of גִּבּוֹר "mighty one" (6:4).
הַר	mountain	mountain
כָּסָה	cover	cover	The mountains (7:19–20), the father's bareness (9:23)
גָּבֹהַּ	lofty	high	Mountains (7:19); "lofty of heart" (Prov 16:5). "High" is רוּם's
תַּחַת	under; in place of	in its place	Split by construction: spatial "under" (1:7 מִתַּחַת); substitution "in place of" (4:25, "another seed in place of Abel"; 22:13, the ram "in place of his son")
חָמֵשׁ	five	five
מַעַל	above	above	מִלְמַעְלָה "from above" (6:16), "upward" (7:20)
אַמָּה	cubit	cubit	The forearm-length measure (6:15–16; 7:20). departed from, see the report
שֶׁרֶץ	swarm (n.)	bring forth abundantly / moving creature	Cognate pair (Exod 1:7, Israel "swarmed"; Lev 11:10, 20–23 swarming things, winged and watery)
גָּוַע	expire	die	To breathe one's last (6:17; 7:21; 25:8). "Die" is מוּת's
שָׁרַץ	swarm	bring forth abundantly / moving creature	Cognate pair (Exod 1:7, Israel "swarmed"; Lev 11:10, 20–23 swarming things, winged and watery)
אָדָם	human	man	Core table; always the common noun: the personal name is H121 "Adam," from 5:3 (72, 86). The pun on אֲדָמָה (v. 25 → 2:7) is lost; note at 2:7
מוּת	die	die	"Dying you shall die" (2:17); the serpent's "not dying shall you die" (3:4); "and he died" (5:5–31)
אַף	nose; dual nostrils	nostrils	Concrete over abstract: "the burning of his nose" for anger (guide §3.6). The dual אַפַּיִם is the two nostrils, and in bowing the face (19:1)
חָרָבָה	the parched	dry land	Parched ground (7:22; Exod 14:21; Josh 3:17). "The dry" is יַבָּשָׁה's.
נְשָׁמָה	breath	breath	Kept apart from רוּחַ "wind / spirit" (31); the two meet in 7:22, נִשְׁמַת־רוּחַ חַיִּים. Prov 20:27, "the breath of the human is the lamp of Adonai"
עַד	until; to (מִן…עַד range); as far as (space)	till / until	Split by construction (20): "from human to beast" (6:7; 7:23); "as far as" elsewhere in space; "until" in time
שָׁאַר	be left	remain	The remnant word (7:23; Isa 4:3; 11:11)
אַךְ	only	only / but / surely	Restrictive (7:23; 9:4); asseverative "surely" by construction (9:5; 44:28). "Solely" is רַק's
חֲמִשִּׁים	fifty	fifty	In the Hebrew order of its number (91)